Soal latihan bergaya NCLEX-PN (LPN/LVN): paket kilat

A patient has just died. What should the nurse find out before starting last offices?

1. AThe patient's favourite food
2. BThe patient's blood group
3. CThe family's religious and cultural wishes
4. DWhether the patient's bills had all been paid

A dying patient's breathing gets deeper and faster, then shallower, followed by a pause with no breathing, in a repeating cycle. What is this pattern called?

1. ABiot's breathing
2. BKussmaul breathing
3. CCheyne–Stokes breathing
4. DParadoxical breathing

Gelang identitas pasien hilang. Obat sudah waktunya diberikan. Apa yang harus dilakukan perawat?

1. AMelewatkan obat sampai hari berikutnya
2. BMenggunakan nomor kamar dan tempat tidur untuk memastikan identitas
3. CMemberikannya, karena perawat mengenali pasien dari kemarin
4. DMemastikan identitas dengan dua pengenal dan memasang gelang baru terlebih dahulu

A nurse teaches a patient who has had a splenectomy. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A“I will keep my vaccinations up to date.”
2. B“Now that my spleen is out, a fever is nothing to worry about.”
3. C“I will get medical help quickly if I get a high temperature.”
4. D“I will tell all of my health care providers that I have no spleen.”

Which patient with diabetes should the nurse see first?

1. AGlucose 210 mg/dL (11,7 mmol/L) after a large lunch, feels well
2. BHbA1c result of 8,2%, asking about diet
3. CNeeds foot care teaching before discharge tomorrow
4. DGlucose 48 mg/dL (2,7 mmol/L), sweating and confused

Selama pemberian makan lewat selang secara kontinu, seorang pasien tiba-tiba batuk, sesak napas, dan SpO₂ turun. Apa tindakan pertama perawat?

1. AMembaringkan pasien datar agar dapat beristirahat
2. BMenaikkan kecepatan pemberian makan agar selesai lebih cepat
3. CMembilas selang dengan 50 mL air, lalu melanjutkan pemberian makan seperti sebelumnya
4. DMenghentikan pemberian makan, mendudukkan pasien tegak, dan mengkaji pernapasan

Which advice should be given to a patient with a new permanent pacemaker?

1. AAvoid using all household electrical appliances such as kettles
2. BStop all heart medicines straight away
3. CNever raise the arm on that side again
4. DTell staff about the pacemaker before any MRI scan or procedure

A patient with central chest pain has ST elevation on the 12-lead ECG. What is the main aim of urgent treatment?

1. AStrict bed rest for several days before deciding on treatment
2. BStarting a cholesterol-lowering drug before any other treatment is given
3. CWaiting for the troponin result before taking any action
4. DRestoring blood flow through the blocked coronary artery quickly

A patient's potassium is 7,0 mEq/L. Which ECG change would the nurse expect?

1. ADelta waves before the QRS
2. BTall, peaked T waves
3. CProminent U waves
4. DFlattened T waves

A patient has sudden episodes of severe headache, sweating, palpitations and very high blood pressure. Which test is most useful to look for the cause?

1. APlasma free metanephrines
2. BSerum TSH and free T₄
3. CSerum calcium only
4. DFasting lipid profile

A 19-year-old starts an SSRI for depression. Which is most important for the nurse to monitor during the first weeks?

1. ADaily bowel movements only
2. BHearing loss and tinnitus
3. CNew or worsening suicidal thoughts or agitation
4. DBlood glucose before every meal and at bedtime

On admission, a patient's home medicine list includes warfarin for atrial fibrillation, but warfarin is not on the admission orders. What should the nurse do?

1. ATell the patient to stop warfarin permanently
2. BGive the patient's own warfarin brought from home without an order
3. CAssume the omission is intended and do nothing
4. DClarify the omission with the prescriber (medication reconciliation)

Which ECG finding is typical of atrial flutter?

1. AWide, bizarre QRS complexes at 180/min
2. BA chaotic baseline with no clear P waves and irregular QRS
3. CP waves with no relationship to the QRS complexes
4. DRegular sawtooth flutter waves between QRS complexes

A patient receiving weeks of IV antibiotics through a PICC line in the left arm develops swelling and aching of that arm and neck veins that look fuller on the left. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AAn expected effect of the antibiotic
2. BA catheter-related deep vein thrombosis
3. CLymphoedema from lying in bed
4. DA local skin allergy to the dressing

A patient with atrial fibrillation has had an ischaemic stroke. Which long-term medicine type most reduces the risk of another stroke?

1. AAn oral anticoagulant
2. BA loop diuretic
3. CA proton pump inhibitor
4. DA beta-agonist inhaler

The nurse has four patients with diabetes. Which one needs to be seen first?

1. AA patient waiting for a routine HbA1c test
2. BA patient with a glucose of 2,8 mmol/L (50 mg/dL) who is sweaty and confused
3. CA patient with a glucose of 14 mmol/L (252 mg/dL) who feels well and is eating
4. DA newly diagnosed patient asking about which foods to eat

Which early symptoms suggest local anaesthetic systemic toxicity?

1. ATingling around the mouth, a metallic taste and tinnitus
2. BIncreased hunger and thirst over several hours, with a dry mouth
3. CMild itching of the feet the next day
4. DA red rash only at the injection site, with no other symptoms

A patient on modified-release morphine for cancer pain has needed four breakthrough doses every day for several days. What should the nurse do?

1. AStop the breakthrough doses to reduce opioid use
2. BGive all breakthrough doses at the same time
3. CReport it, as the regular background dose may need review
4. DTell the patient to put up with the pain between doses

Parents ask where their newborn should sleep at night. Which advice reduces the risk of sudden infant death?

1. AIn a separate bedroom from the first night
2. BIn a separate cot or crib in the parents' room
3. COn a sofa with a parent when the baby is unsettled
4. DIn the parents' bed, between the two adults

Ten days after birth, a woman phones to say her bleeding has suddenly become heavy and bright red with clots, with lower abdominal pain and a temperature of 38,2 °C (100,8 °F). Which response is most appropriate?

1. ATell her it is probably her first period and needs no action
2. BReassure her that lochia rubra often returns and review at 6 weeks
3. CAsk her to come in now; retained tissue or infection is possible
4. DAdvise her to use tampons so the blood loss is easier to measure

Tindakan nonobat mana yang mengurangi nyeri prosedural pada bayi baru lahir, misalnya saat pengambilan darah tumit?

1. AMembiarkan bayi sendirian di boks
2. BMenyusui, kontak kulit ke kulit, atau sukrosa oral
3. CMenunggu sampai bayi tertidur, tanpa penghiburan lain
4. DAir dingin pada tumit sebelum penusukan

A child has a swollen, red eyelid with fever, pain on moving the eye and blurred vision. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ASimple conjunctivitis, treated with eye drops at home
2. BA stye, which will drain on its own with warm compresses
3. CAn insect bite, which needs only a cold compress
4. DOrbital cellulitis, which needs urgent review and IV antibiotics

Faktor mana yang merupakan salah satu prediktor terkuat bunuh diri di masa depan?

1. AMemiliki keyakinan agama yang kuat
2. BSudah menikah
3. CPercobaan bunuh diri sebelumnya
4. DMemiliki pekerjaan tetap

A 15-year-old tells the school nurse she has been cutting herself and asks her not to tell her parents. What is the best response?

1. ATell her that cutting is a phase that many teenagers go through and it needs no help
2. BExplain that safety information must be shared, and involve her in how this is done
3. CPromise never to tell anyone about it, so that she keeps trusting the school nurse
4. DPhone her parents at once without telling her

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah dosis dicatat pada 8:15 PM. Entri mana yang merupakan waktu yang sama pada jam 24 jam? Klik entri itu.

1. 108:15
2. 219:15
3. 320:15
4. 421:15

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah infus dimulai pada 23:00 dan selesai pada 05:10 keesokan paginya (jam 24 jam). Berapa jam t infus itu berjalan? Berikan jawaban dalam jam sebagai desimal, dibulatkan ke dua tempat desimal.

Seorang pasien berbobot 80 kg. Dosis yang diresepkan 2 mg/kg per hari, diberikan dalam 4 dosis yang sama. Berapa miligram D yang diberikan per dosis?

Resepnya 465 mikrogram. Ampul mengandung 0,5 mg/mL. Tarik dosis dalam alat suntik 1 mL: berapa volume V yang Anda berikan?

Sebuah infus menetes 75 gtt/min melalui set 60 gtt/mL. Berapa mililiter V yang diterima pasien dalam 3 jam?

1000 mL diresepkan selama 12 jam. Setelah 8 jam Anda mendapati masih ada 410 mL di kantong, dan infus tetap harus selesai tepat waktu. Berapa persen Δ laju pompa awal harus dinaikkan?

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Catatan menunjukkan asupan dan haluaran seorang pasien selama satu shift 12 jam. Infus IV berjalan dengan laju yang ditunjukkan selama seluruh shift. Cari total asupan I dalam mL.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah kantong 1000 mL dimulai pada pukul 07:15 dan dijalankan dengan pompa pada 80 mL/h. Berapa mL V yang tersisa di kantong pada pukul 13:45?

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Seorang pasien latihan dinilai dengan skala jatuh Morse: riwayat jatuh dalam 3 bulan terakhir: ya; diagnosis sekunder: tidak; alat bantu jalan: tidak ada, tirah baring, atau dibantu perawat; terapi IV atau saline lock: tidak; cara berjalan: lemah; status mental: mengetahui batas kemampuannya. Cari total Morse MFS.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Gunakan bagan NEWS2 (SpO₂ skala 1) untuk observasi berikut: frekuensi napas 32/menit, SpO₂ 93% dengan udara ruangan, tekanan darah 130/78 mmHg, nadi 48/menit, sadar penuh, suhu 36,3 °C. Pasien termasuk kelompok risiko klinis yang mana? Klik kelompok itu.

1. 1rendah
2. 2rendah–sedang
3. 3sedang
4. 4tinggi