Soal latihan bergaya NCLEX-PN (LPN/LVN): paket kilat

A patient starts regular morphine. What is usually prescribed alongside it to prevent a common side effect?

1. AA laxative
2. BAn antibiotic
3. CAn antihistamine
4. DA diuretic

On the day after surgery, a patient's new stoma has turned dark purple. What should the nurse do?

1. AReport it urgently, as the stoma may be losing its blood supply
2. BClean it firmly to remove the colour
3. CWait a week to see whether it changes
4. DRecord it as normal bruising after surgery and recheck tomorrow

A patient on oxygen is being taken to another department by wheelchair. What should the nurse check first?

1. AThat the cylinder is the largest size available
2. BThat the portable cylinder has enough oxygen for the whole trip
3. CThat the cylinder is placed on the patient’s lap
4. DThat the oxygen is turned off during the transfer to save the supply in the tank

A nurse asks a colleague to “just glance” at an insulin infusion before starting it. What makes a check truly independent?

1. AThe second nurse looks at the bag label from the doorway
2. BThe first nurse reads the details aloud and the second agrees
3. CThe second nurse checks the order, drug, dose and pump settings separately without being told the answer
4. DThe second nurse signs the record after the infusion has already been started by the first

Which postoperative patient should the nurse see first?

1. AAsking when the urinary catheter will be removed
2. BPain of 4/10 one hour after an oral analgesic
3. CWants help with washing her hair before her visitors arrive this afternoon
4. DDressing soaked with bright red blood and a heart rate rising to 118/min

A patient with COPD on 2 L/min oxygen becomes drowsy and hard to wake. The SpO₂ is 93%. What is the priority?

1. ALet the patient sleep, because the saturation is above target
2. BIncrease the oxygen to 6 L/min so that the saturation goes even higher than now
3. CGive the as-needed sedative so the patient rests comfortably
4. DAssess breathing and escalate for a blood gas, as carbon dioxide may be rising

Why does a patient with a suspected TIA need urgent specialist assessment?

1. AThe symptoms will come back permanently within an hour
2. BThe risk of a full stroke is highest in the days after a TIA
3. CA TIA always turns into a brain tumour unless it is treated
4. DThe patient needs urgent surgery on the brain

A patient rescued from a house fire has soot around the mouth, singed nasal hairs and a hoarse voice. What is the main concern?

1. ADehydration from sweating
2. BHypothermia from the fire service water
3. CAirway swelling from inhalation injury
4. DA minor throat infection

A patient with iron-deficiency anemia started oral iron. Which result is usually the earliest sign that treatment is working?

1. AA rise in the platelet count
2. BA rise in the reticulocyte count
3. CA fall in the white cell count
4. DA fall in the mean cell volume (MCV)

A patient has fever, confusion, a platelet count of 15 × 10³/µL, anemia with fragmented red cells (schistocytes) and a raised creatinine. Clotting times are normal. Which condition should be suspected?

1. AImmune thrombocytopenia (ITP)
2. BThrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
3. CVitamin K deficiency with bleeding
4. DDisseminated intravascular coagulation

Agonis parsial diberikan bersama agonis penuh dosis tinggi. Apa yang terjadi pada responsnya?

1. ARespons berlipat dua, karena kedua obat mengaktifkan reseptor
2. BRespons turun, karena agonis parsial bersaing memperebutkan reseptor
3. CRespons naik melebihi maksimum agonis penuh
4. DRespons tetap persis sama seperti pada dosis tinggi agonis penuh saja

A patient with severe liver cirrhosis needs a benzodiazepine for alcohol withdrawal. Why is lorazepam often chosen instead of diazepam?

1. ALorazepam is excreted unchanged in the urine without any metabolism
2. BLorazepam is a stronger anticonvulsant than all other benzodiazepines
3. CLorazepam does not cause sedation in liver disease
4. DLorazepam is cleared by simple conjugation and has no active metabolites

A patient with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator asks what to do if it fires. Which teaching is correct?

1. ADrive straight to hospital alone after any shock so the device can be checked by the team
2. BOne shock and well: contact the device clinic; repeated shocks or unwell: call emergency services
3. CIgnore any shock at all, because the device is designed to fire every day and needs no follow-up
4. DRemove the device battery at home if it fires more than once

Seorang pasien yang mengonsumsi bisoprolol dan diltiazem pusing, dengan denyut jantung 38/menit dan TD 82/50 mmHg. Respons pertama yang paling tepat apa?

1. AMemberikan dosis berikutnya kedua obat lebih awal agar denyut jantung stabil
2. BMengajak pasien berjalan keliling bangsal untuk menaikkan denyut jantung
3. CMencatat observasi dan memeriksanya ulang dalam empat jam
4. DMeminta bantuan segera, menilai ABCDE, dan memasang monitor jantung

A patient with a new ileal conduit has threads of mucus in their urine. What should the nurse explain?

1. AThis is a sign that the stoma is dying
2. BThis proves a serious kidney infection
3. CThe kidneys have stopped working properly after surgery
4. DThis is normal, because the conduit is made from bowel

A nurse teaches a patient with CKD and a high potassium about diet. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will boil my potatoes and throw away the water."
2. B"I will keep bananas and dried fruit to a minimum."
3. C"I will use a salt substitute instead of ordinary salt."
4. D"I will check food labels for added salt when I go shopping."

Which advice has good evidence for reducing cancer-related fatigue?

1. AComplete bed rest for the whole course of treatment
2. BRegular light to moderate activity, such as walking
3. CDrinking several strong coffees every evening
4. DAvoiding all daily activities

On the ward after surgery, a patient has a red, blistered area of skin under where the diathermy plate was. What should the nurse do?

1. AWash it with alcohol and leave it uncovered
2. BApply a hot water bottle to improve the circulation
3. CIgnore it because skin changes after surgery are normal and expected to fade
4. DTreat it as a possible burn, report it and complete an incident form

Pada usia kehamilan 30 minggu, tinggi fundus mana yang sesuai dengan pertumbuhan yang diharapkan?

1. A36 cm
2. B18 cm
3. C29 cm
4. D22 cm

A woman at 31 weeks with contractions has a negative fetal fibronectin test. What does this result mean?

1. ABirth within the next 1 to 2 weeks is unlikely
2. BThe fetus has an infection
3. CThe membranes have ruptured
4. DBirth will certainly occur within 48 hours

How are feeds usually restarted after a pyloromyotomy for pyloric stenosis?

1. AWithin hours, increasing gradually as per protocol; some vomiting can be expected
2. BOnly by nasogastric tube for the first month at home
3. CWith large, full-volume feeds straight away to make up for the weight lost
4. DNot until 10 days after surgery, when the wound has healed

A baby born to a mother who used opioids in pregnancy has a high-pitched cry, tremors, sneezing and poor feeding. Which plan is best?

1. AGive naloxone to reverse the effects of the opioid
2. BLow-stimulation care, swaddling, small frequent feeds and a withdrawal scoring tool
3. CKeep the baby in a bright, busy area of the unit and stimulate them often to keep them awake
4. DDelay all feeds until the tremors and sneezing have settled

The nurse notices that she is spending much longer with one patient than with the others and feels she is the only one who can help him. What does this most likely indicate?

1. AAn ideal therapeutic relationship
2. BPossible boundary problems that she should discuss in supervision
3. CTransference by the patient towards the nurse, which is never the nurse's concern
4. DThat the patient needs to be transferred to another unit

A patient has had delusions and hallucinations for a year. For most of this time he has also had episodes of major depression, but for at least two weeks at a time his psychotic symptoms continued without any mood symptoms. Which diagnosis best fits this pattern?

1. ABrief psychotic disorder
2. BSchizoaffective disorder
3. CDelusional disorder
4. DMajor depression with psychotic features

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Perhitungan laju tetesan menghasilkan 46,087 gtt/menit. Aturan dalam latihan ini adalah laju tetesan dibulatkan ke tetes bulat terdekat. Nilai x berapa yang Anda catat?

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Selama satu shift seorang pasien mengonsumsi 1 fl oz dari jus, 3 tbsp dari suplemen cair, ¼ cangkir dari teh. Dengan ekuivalen yang diberikan, cari total asupan oral V dalam mL.

Berapa miligram obat m yang terdapat dalam 10 mL larutan 2% (b/v)?

Sebuah infus berisi 50000 unit obat dalam 500 mL. Resepnya 1500 unit per jam. Pada laju berapa R Anda mengatur pompa, dalam mL/h?

Infuskan 250 mL selama 4 jam dengan set 20 tts/mL. Tentukan laju tetesan R dalam tetes per menit. Bulatkan ke bilangan bulat terdekat.

Sebuah kantong berisi 1 g obat dalam 500 mL. Resepnya 4 mg per menit. Pada laju berapa R Anda mengatur pompa, dalam mL/h?

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Catatan menunjukkan asupan dan haluaran seorang pasien selama satu shift 12 jam. Infus IV berjalan dengan laju yang ditunjukkan selama seluruh shift. Cari keseimbangan cairan B = asupan − haluaran dalam mL (jawaban negatif berarti kehilangan bersih).

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah infus 1000 mL dimulai pada pukul 18:30 dengan laju 150 mL/h. Setelah 4 jam lajunya diubah menjadi 200 mL/h dan tidak diubah lagi. Berapa jam t setelah dimulai kantong akan kosong? Bulatkan ke satu angka desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Seorang pasien latihan dinilai dengan skala Braden: persepsi sensorik: sedikit terbatas; kelembapan: jarang lembap; aktivitas: kadang-kadang berjalan; mobilitas: sangat terbatas; nutrisi: kemungkinan tidak adekuat; gesekan dan geseran: bermasalah. Cari total Braden B.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Pada menit ke-1 setelah lahir, seorang bayi baru lahir latihan memiliki tubuh merah muda dengan tangan dan kaki biru, denyut jantung 60/menit, meringis saat dirangsang, sedikit fleksi pada lengan dan tungkai, dan napas lambat dan tidak teratur dengan tangis lemah. Hitung skor APGAR dan klik bagaimana skor itu diinterpretasikan.

1. 1menenangkan
2. 2abnormal sedang
3. 3rendah