Soal latihan bergaya NCLEX-PN (LPN/LVN): paket kilat

Which nursing record entry is the best example of objective documentation?

1. A"Ate half of lunch; drank 200 mL of water."
2. B"Seemed to enjoy the meal."
3. C"Ate well, as usual."
4. D"Had a good appetite today and enjoyed lunch."

For a patient at risk of pressure ulcers, why is the head of the bed usually kept at 30 degrees or less if their condition allows?

1. AHigher angles always cause breathing problems in patients who are bedbound
2. BLower angles stop the patient from getting out of bed
3. CHigher angles make the patient slide down, causing shear over the sacrum
4. DLower angles increase blood flow to the heels

Which practice is safe when transferring a patient from a bed to a stretcher?

1. AHave the patient slide across without help or a slide sheet
2. BLower the stretcher side rails during transport
3. CLock the wheels of both the bed and the stretcher before moving the patient
4. DLeave the stretcher wheels unlocked so it can move with the patient

During flu season, a nurse wakes up with fever, cough and muscle aches. What is the best action?

1. AGo to work but wear a surgical mask for the whole shift
2. BTake an antipyretic so the fever does not show at work
3. CStay home and inform the employer according to the illness policy
4. DGo to work but avoid caring for patients who have weak immune systems

A nurse has called the rapid response team for a deteriorating patient. What should the nurse do while waiting for the team?

1. ALeave the patient for a few minutes to find the relatives and explain what is happening
2. BGive a dose of every as-needed medication on the chart
3. CStay with the patient, give oxygen as prescribed and have recent vital signs ready
4. DGo to the station to finish documentation for other patients

Seorang perawat menganggap dosis yang diresepkan tidak aman. Penulis resep mengatakan agar tetap diberikan. Apa yang harus dilakukan perawat?

1. AMemberikan dosis tersebut, karena penulis resep kini bertanggung jawab atasnya
2. BMemberikan setengah dosis sebagai kompromi dan mendokumentasikan alasannya
3. CMelewatkan dosis diam-diam dan tidak mengatakan apa-apa untuk menghindari konflik
4. DMenahan dosis dan melakukan eskalasi melalui rantai komando

A patient is having a 12-lead ECG. Where are the chest electrodes placed?

1. AAnywhere on the chest where the skin is clear
2. BIn a straight line down the centre of the sternum from top to bottom
3. CIn standard numbered positions across the front and left of the chest
4. DOn both shoulders and both hips only

The fluid in an underwater seal chest drain has stopped swinging with breathing. What could this mean?

1. AThe patient's breathing has become normal and the drain can be pulled out by the nurse
2. BThe drain is working perfectly and needs no checks
3. CThe water seal has been set up correctly for the first time
4. DThe tube may be kinked or blocked, or the lung may have fully re-expanded

When do the blood counts usually reach their lowest point (nadir) after many standard chemotherapy regimens?

1. AAbout 6 months after treatment
2. BWithin 1–2 hours of treatment
3. COn the same day as treatment
4. DAbout 7–14 days after treatment

A patient using an insulin pump has a glucose of 300 mg/dL (16,7 mmol/L) that has not fallen 2 hours after a correction bolus through the pump. Blood ketones are 1,8 mmol/L. What is the most likely problem and action?

1. AInsulin delivery failure; inject a correction dose by pen and change the set
2. BRebound after a hypo; give fast-acting carbohydrate and recheck in 15 minutes
3. CNormal pump function; wait for the next mealtime bolus to lower the glucose
4. DInsulin overdose from the pump; suspend the pump and stop all insulin for a day

Before starting a TNF-alpha inhibitor such as adalimumab, which test is required?

1. AScreening for latent tuberculosis
2. BA bone density scan
3. CA glucose tolerance test
4. DAn echocardiogram in every patient

A patient is switched from oral to intravenous morphine. Why is the IV dose lower than the oral dose?

1. AIV morphine is a stronger chemical form of the drug
2. BIV morphine is excreted much more slowly by the kidney than oral morphine
3. CThe oral route causes tolerance faster than the IV route
4. DOral morphine has a large first-pass effect, so less reaches the blood

Why must intravenous potassium chloride never be given as a rapid push or undiluted?

1. AIt turns into solid crystals inside the vein and blocks it
2. BIt immediately lowers the blood glucose to dangerous levels
3. CA sudden high potassium level can cause cardiac arrest
4. DIt works only when given by mouth

Three hours after femoral cardiac catheterisation, a patient has new lower back and flank pain, a heart rate of 112/min and BP 92/60 mmHg. The groin looks normal. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ANormal back ache from lying flat
2. BAn allergic reaction to the contrast
3. CRetroperitoneal bleeding
4. DA urinary tract infection

A patient with atrial fibrillation has had an ischaemic stroke. Which long-term medicine type most reduces the risk of another stroke?

1. AA proton pump inhibitor
2. BA beta-agonist inhaler
3. CAn oral anticoagulant
4. DA loop diuretic

A drowsy patient's glucose meter shows "HI". What should the nurse do?

1. AAssume the meter is broken and recheck tomorrow
2. BRecord "normal" in the notes because no number appears
3. CGive glucose gel in case the reading is wrong
4. DTreat it as very high, check ketones and escalate

Which group of findings suggests obstruction of the bile duct?

1. AJaundice, dark urine, pale stools and itching
2. BNormal skin colour with diarrhoea and fever
3. CRed urine, black stools and a high blood glucose
4. DPale urine, dark stools and a flapping tremor

A patient arrives in the anaesthetic room without an identity band. What should the nurse do?

1. AProceed because the patient can say their name
2. BStop and confirm identity, then apply a band
3. CUse the spare identity band from the front of the patient's notes folder
4. DProceed and add a band once in recovery

Rekaman seorang perempuan bersalin menunjukkan deselerasi variabel. Tindakan apa yang pertama kali harus dilakukan perawat?

1. AMengubah posisi ibu
2. BMembaringkannya telentang
3. CMenaikkan infus oksitosin
4. DLangsung mulai mengejan

A deceleration lasts 3 minutes before the baseline recovers. How is this classified?

1. AA variable acceleration
2. BAn early deceleration
3. CA change of baseline
4. DA prolonged deceleration

What is "assent" in children's care?

1. AThe legal consent signed by the parent for surgery
2. BA form that lets the hospital treat any child without parental consent
3. CThe doctor's decision about which treatment is best
4. DThe child's agreement to care, sought alongside the parents' consent

Seorang anak berusia 7 tahun mengalami demam, nyeri sendi yang berpindah-pindah dari sendi ke sendi, dan bising jantung baru, tiga minggu setelah radang tenggorok. Apa yang harus dicurigai perawat?

1. APenyakit Kawasaki
2. BDemam reumatik akut
3. CArtritis idiopatik juvenil tanpa kaitan dengan radang tenggorok
4. DNyeri tumbuh

A teenager is starting atomoxetine for ADHD. What should the nurse teach the family to watch for?

1. ASevere weight gain in the first week
2. BA dangerous rise in blood pressure after eating foods that contain tyramine
3. CNew or worsening suicidal thoughts or unusual changes in mood or behaviour
4. DSigns of physical dependence, because it is a controlled stimulant

Seorang pasien dalam ruang isolasi (seclusion) tampak tertidur. Apa yang harus dilakukan perawat?

1. AMeninggalkan pasien sampai giliran jaga berikutnya
2. BBerhenti mengobservasi karena pasien tertidur
3. CMelanjutkan observasi pada frekuensi yang diperlukan, memeriksa pernapasan dan kesejahteraan
4. DMembangunkan pasien setiap 5 menit untuk menanyakan perasaannya dan memeriksa pernapasannya

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Suhu seorang pasien adalah 96,4 °F. Konversikan ke derajat Celsius T dengan °C = (°F − 32) × 5/9. Bulatkan ke satu tempat desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah infus memberikan 4 mg/jam. Nyatakan laju dosis ini D dalam mcg/menit. Bulatkan ke satu tempat desimal.

Sebuah vial berisi 2 g serbuk. Labelnya menyatakan: tambahkan 7,4 mL air untuk injeksi sehingga volume totalnya 8 mL. Resepnya 200 mg. Berapa volume V larutan hasil rekonstitusi yang Anda berikan?

Seorang anak dengan berat badan 24 kg diresepkan 15 mg/kg per dosis suspensi oral yang mengandung 200 mg dalam 5 mL. Berapa volume V yang Anda berikan?

Infuskan 1500 mL selama 8 jam dengan set 15 tts/mL. Tentukan laju tetesan R dalam tetes per menit. Bulatkan ke bilangan bulat terdekat.

Infus menetes dengan laju 32 tts/menit melalui set 20 tts/mL. Tersisa 600 mL di kantong. Berapa jam t lagi hingga kosong? Bulatkan ke satu angka desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Catatan menunjukkan asupan dan haluaran seorang pasien selama satu shift 8 jam. Berat badan pasien 89 kg. Cari rata-rata haluaran urine U dalam mL/kg/jam. Bulatkan ke dua angka desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah kantong 500 mL dimulai pada pukul 14:00 dan dijalankan dengan pompa pada 50 mL/h. Berapa mL V yang tersisa di kantong pada pukul 18:00?

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Seorang pasien memiliki nadi 70/menit dan tekanan darah 112/67 mmHg. Cari indeks syok SI = HR/SBP. Bulatkan ke dua tempat desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Seorang dewasa memiliki berat 113 kg dan tinggi 186 cm. Hitung IMT dan klik kategori berat badan menurut WHO.

1. 1berat badan kurang
2. 2berat badan sehat
3. 3berat badan lebih
4. 4obesitas kelas I
5. 5obesitas kelas II
6. 6obesitas kelas III