Soal latihan bergaya NCLEX-PN (LPN/LVN): paket kilat

Why might a nurse use silence during a conversation with a patient?

1. AIt ends the conversation politely
2. BIt lets the nurse plan the next task
3. CIt gives the patient time to think and say more
4. DIt shows the patient that the nurse is busy and wants to move on

A patient spills hot tea on their forearm. What is the best immediate first aid?

1. APop any blisters to let the heat escape
2. BCover it with butter or a greasy cream
3. CCool the burn under cool running water for about 20 minutes
4. DPut ice or an ice pack directly on the burn for about 10 minutes

An infant has had a cleft lip repair. Why are elbow restraints often used?

1. ATo keep the infant from rolling over in the crib
2. BTo hold the IV line in place during feeds and stop it being pulled out
3. CTo prevent the infant from sucking a pacifier
4. DTo stop the infant’s hands reaching the mouth while still allowing arm movement

Pasangan organisme dengan kewaspadaan berbasis transmisinya mana yang benar?

1. AGondongan – droplet
2. BCampak – hanya kontak
3. CInfluenza – hanya udara
4. DC. difficile – udara

Two hours after birth, the nurse finds the uterus firm but above the umbilicus and pushed to the right. What should the nurse do first?

1. AMassage the uterus firmly for ten minutes
2. BAsk the patient to lie still for another hour
3. CGive a dose of oxytocin straight away
4. DHelp the patient empty her bladder

A patient with anorexia nervosa is admitted. Which finding is the priority?

1. ASays she feels fat although she is very thin
2. BRefuses to eat in front of other people
3. CHeart rate 38/min and potassium 2,8 mEq/L
4. DHas fine, downy hair on her arms

After a needlestick injury from a patient known to have HIV, why must the nurse report it immediately?

1. AThe needle must be sent for culture
2. BPost-exposure prophylaxis works best when started as soon as possible
3. CThe patient will need antibiotics
4. DThe nurse must be tested for HIV the same day to confirm infection

A patient with a small leg wound has severe pain out of proportion to the skin changes, rapidly spreading redness and signs of sepsis. What should be suspected?

1. AAn allergic reaction to the dressing
2. BA superficial bruise
3. CNecrotising fasciitis
4. DSimple cellulitis that will settle with oral antibiotics

Which instruction is correct for a patient taking an oral potassium chloride supplement?

1. ACrush the extended-release tablets and mix them with a little water if needed
2. BUse a salt substitute as well, so less of the tablet is needed each day
3. CTake it on an empty stomach with only a small sip of water to speed absorption
4. DTake it with food and a full glass of water, and do not crush extended-release tablets

A patient with acute kidney injury has a potassium of 6,8 mEq/L despite medical treatment, a pH of 7,12 and pulmonary edema not responding to diuretics. Which treatment is most likely needed?

1. AAn IV magnesium dose
2. BUrgent dialysis
3. CA potassium supplement
4. DMore oral fluid

Why should loperamide usually be avoided in bloody diarrhoea with fever?

1. ALoperamide is an antibiotic that causes resistance
2. BLoperamide causes severe hypertension when there is an infection
3. CLoperamide makes the bleeding worse by blocking platelets
4. DSlowing the gut may keep bacteria and toxins in the bowel longer

Why is glibenclamide (glyburide) generally avoided in older adults?

1. AIt is not absorbed in people over 65
2. BIt causes severe weight loss and muscle wasting in older people
3. CIt is long-acting and can cause prolonged, severe hypoglycaemia
4. DIt causes high blood glucose in older adults

After a bronchoscopy with throat anaesthesia, when can the patient eat and drink?

1. AAfter a full 24 hours without food
2. BOnly after a chest X-ray has been reported
3. CWhen the gag and cough reflexes have returned
4. DImmediately after the scope is removed

A patient with end-stage COPD has severe breathlessness at rest despite optimal treatment and wants comfort-focused care. Which measure is recognised to help?

1. AStopping all medicines, including inhalers
2. BA low-dose opioid with a hand-held fan and calm positioning
3. CHigh-flow oxygen at 15 L/min whatever the oxygen saturation is
4. DEncouraging long walks to build fitness

A patient has Cushing's syndrome. Which nursing assessment is especially important?

1. AChecking for low blood pressure
2. BWatching for weight loss
3. CRegular blood glucose checks
4. DMonitoring for a high potassium

A patient with gastroparesis has hypos soon after their meal-time insulin, then high glucose several hours later. What is the best explanation?

1. AThe meter gives false results for several hours after every meal
2. BThe patient is secretly eating sweets between meals
3. CFood is absorbed slowly, so the insulin peaks before the glucose rises
4. DThe insulin has gone off and needs replacing

A patient on warfarin is booked for elective surgery with a high bleeding risk. What is usual practice?

1. ATake the usual dose on the morning of surgery
2. BSwap to aspirin on the morning of surgery
3. CDouble the dose for a week so the blood is ready for surgery
4. DStop it about 5 days before and check the INR

After signing the consent form, a patient tells the nurse, "I don't really understand what they are going to do." What should the nurse do?

1. AInform the surgeon so that the procedure can be explained again
2. BReassure the patient that the surgeon knows best
3. CExplain the surgical risks in detail without involving the surgeon
4. DIgnore the comment because the form is already signed

A woman 1 day after birth has a blood pressure of 150/96 mmHg and a headache. She had normal blood pressures in pregnancy. What should the nurse do?

1. AReport it and assess for postpartum pre-eclampsia
2. BGive paracetamol (acetaminophen) and ignore the blood pressure
3. CReassure her that this is normal after birth
4. DEncourage her to walk to lower her blood pressure

Why does the ductus arteriosus normally close after birth?

1. ARising prostaglandins and falling oxygen levels
2. BPressure in the pulmonary artery rises
3. CThe cord is cut, which closes it directly
4. DRising oxygen levels and falling prostaglandins

A child weighs 20 kg. Which minimum urine output suggests adequate kidney perfusion?

1. AAbout 5 mL per hour
2. BAbout 20 mL per hour
3. CAbout 2 mL per hour
4. DAny amount, as long as the child is drinking

A teenager with severe anorexia nervosa starts nutritional rehabilitation. Which blood result is most important to watch in the first days?

1. APhosphate
2. BAmylase
3. CBilirubin
4. DCholesterol

Rentang litium serum mana yang umum disebut sebagai rentang terapeutik pemeliharaan?

1. ASekitar 2,0 sampai 3,0 mmol/L (kadar lebih tinggi diperlukan untuk mania akut)
2. BSekitar 0,6 sampai 1,2 mmol/L (rentang target bervariasi antarpedoman)
3. CSekitar 0,01 sampai 0,05 mmol/L
4. DSekitar 3,5 sampai 5,0 mmol/L

A new nurse asks why the therapeutic relationship is different from a social relationship. Which statement is correct?

1. ABoth people share their needs equally, as in any friendship
2. BThe patient is responsible for setting the boundaries of the relationship
3. CIt is goal-directed and focused on the patient's needs, with the nurse responsible for keeping boundaries
4. DIt has no fixed end, and it can continue as a friendship after discharge if both the nurse and the patient want it to

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Suhu seorang pasien adalah 100,8 °F. Konversikan ke derajat Celsius T dengan °C = (°F − 32) × 5/9. Bulatkan ke satu tempat desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah resep tertulis ½ tbsp suspensi oral empat kali sehari selama 14 hari. Suspensi tersedia dalam botol 50 mL. Dengan 1 tbsp = 15 mL, berapa botol utuh N yang harus disediakan agar pengobatan lengkap?

Seorang anak dengan berat 22 kg diresepkan 5 mg/kg suatu obat. Larutan stok mengandung 50 mg/mL. Tarik dosisnya: berapa volume V yang Anda berikan?

Seorang anak dengan berat badan 24 kg diresepkan 15 mg/kg per dosis suspensi oral yang mengandung 125 mg dalam 5 mL. Berapa volume V yang Anda berikan?

1500 mL diresepkan selama 12 jam. Setelah 7 jam Anda mendapati masih ada 730 mL di kantong, dan infus tetap harus selesai tepat waktu. Ke laju berapa R dalam mL/h pompa harus diatur ulang?

Infus berisi 100 mg dalam 250 mL berjalan pada 5 mL/h. Berapa mikrogram per menit D yang diterima pasien?

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Catatan menunjukkan asupan dan haluaran seorang pasien selama satu shift 8 jam. Infus IV berjalan dengan laju yang ditunjukkan selama seluruh shift. Cari keseimbangan cairan B = asupan − haluaran dalam mL (jawaban negatif berarti kehilangan bersih).

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah kantong 500 mL dijalankan dengan pompa pada 120 mL/h. Pada pukul 15:30, 100 mL sudah diinfuskan. Berapa jam t lagi sampai kantong kosong? Bulatkan ke satu angka desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Seorang pasien latihan setelah cedera kepala membuka mata hanya terhadap tekanan (rangsang nyeri), mengucapkan kata-kata yang tidak sesuai dan acak, dan menunjukkan respons motorik terbaik: fleksi abnormal lengan (postur dekortikasi). Hitung GCS dan klasifikasikan cedera kepala berdasarkan GCS tersebut. Klik jawaban Anda.

1. 1ringan
2. 2sedang
3. 3berat

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Gunakan bagan NEWS2 (SpO₂ skala 1) untuk observasi berikut: frekuensi napas 16/menit, SpO₂ 95% dengan udara ruangan, tekanan darah 112/68 mmHg, nadi 48/menit, tidak responsif, suhu 35,8 °C. Pasien termasuk kelompok risiko klinis yang mana? Klik kelompok itu.

1. 1rendah
2. 2rendah–sedang
3. 3sedang
4. 4tinggi