Soal latihan bergaya NCLEX-PN (LPN/LVN): paket kilat

Teknik apa yang digunakan saat memasang kateter urine?

1. ATidak perlu teknik khusus
2. BTeknik bersih tanpa sarung tangan
3. CTeknik steril hanya untuk pasien laki-laki
4. DTeknik aseptik

A nurse develops vomiting and diarrhoea during a norovirus outbreak. When can they usually return to work (UK guidance)?

1. AThe next shift, if they feel well enough
2. BAfter a full week, whatever the symptoms
3. C48 hours after the symptoms have stopped
4. DAs soon as the vomiting stops

Saat area steril sedang disiapkan, perawat berbalik membelakanginya untuk menjawab pertanyaan. Apa yang benar?

1. AArea tetap steril karena tidak ada yang menyentuhnya selama itu
2. BArea dianggap terkontaminasi dan harus disiapkan ulang
3. CArea dapat digunakan bila ditutup sesudahnya
4. DHanya alat yang paling dekat dengan perawat yang perlu diganti

A child with fever, cough, red eyes and a spreading rash is in a clinic waiting room. Measles is suspected. What should the nurse do first?

1. APut a mask on the child and move them into an airborne isolation room
2. BAsk the family to wait in the main waiting room until the child is called in
3. CSend the child home to rest without an assessment
4. DGive the child an antipyretic and continue triage

A nurse gives IV morphine for severe pain. When should the nurse reassess the pain and sedation?

1. AAt the end of the shift
2. BWithin about 15–30 minutes
3. CAt the next routine round in four hours
4. DOnly when the patient asks for more

At the end of a shift, the nurse’s relief has not arrived and the patients are acutely ill. What should the nurse do?

1. ALeave a written note at the station and go home
2. BAsk a nursing assistant to watch the patients until someone comes
3. CStay and tell the charge nurse, and hand over before leaving
4. DLeave on time, because the shift has officially ended

After a needlestick injury from a patient known to have HIV, why must the nurse report it immediately?

1. AThe nurse must be tested for HIV the same day to confirm infection
2. BPost-exposure prophylaxis works best when started as soon as possible
3. CThe patient will need antibiotics
4. DThe needle must be sent for culture

A patient on metformin with reduced kidney function is due a CT scan with IV contrast. Why might metformin be withheld?

1. AMetformin reacts with the contrast to cause severe hyperglycaemia
2. BMetformin causes severe bleeding during scans
3. CMetformin makes the images blurry
4. DThere is a risk of lactic acidosis if kidney function worsens

A patient without symptoms has a fasting plasma glucose of 132 mg/dL (7,3 mmol/L) on Monday and 138 mg/dL (7,7 mmol/L) on Thursday. What does this show?

1. AThe results are within the normal fasting range
2. BThe results show prediabetes only
3. CThe results meet the criteria for diabetes
4. DThe results show reactive hypoglycemia

The nurse teaches a patient with severe neutropenia after chemotherapy. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll check my temperature rectally to be accurate"
2. B"I'll call the clinic if my temperature rises"
3. C"I'll avoid people who have a cold or the flu"
4. D"I'll wash my hands before eating and after the toilet"

Why is simvastatin traditionally taken in the evening?

1. AIt is inactivated by sunlight during the day
2. BIt must be taken with the largest meal of the day
3. CIt causes too much drowsiness to be taken in the morning
4. DIt is short-acting, and cholesterol synthesis peaks at night

A patient taking a GLP-1 receptor agonist such as semaglutide has severe, constant upper abdominal pain spreading to the back, with vomiting. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AExpected nausea; the patient should take the next dose with food
2. BAcute pancreatitis; the drug is stopped and urgent assessment arranged
3. CHypoglycaemia; the patient should eat sweets and continue as usual
4. DConstipation; a laxative will solve the problem

During an episode of chest pain, a patient's ECG shows new horizontal ST depression. What does this most likely indicate?

1. AMyocardial ischaemia
2. BPericarditis
3. CHyperkalaemia
4. DA normal finding during pain

A 70-year-old man has a small abdominal aortic aneurysm found on screening and is placed under surveillance. Which advice is most important?

1. AAvoid all exercise and lifting for the rest of his life to protect the aorta
2. BHave the aneurysm repaired immediately, whatever its size or growth rate
3. CStop smoking, control BP and seek help at once for sudden back pain
4. DStop all blood pressure medicines to avoid low pressure

Which group of drugs is a well-known cause of SIADH and hyponatraemia, especially in older people?

1. APenicillin antibiotics
2. BProton pump inhibitors
3. CBulk-forming laxatives
4. DSSRI antidepressants

A nurse teaches foot care to a patient with diabetic neuropathy. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will buy corn plasters from the pharmacy for my corn."
2. B"I will wear socks and shoes that fit well and do not rub."
3. C"I will check my feet every day, using a mirror for the soles."
4. D"I will check that the bath water is not too hot using my elbow."

Which drug class is used to reduce the risk of a first variceal bleed in cirrhosis?

1. ANon-selective beta-blockers
2. BCalcium supplements
3. CThiazide diuretics
4. DProton pump inhibitors

A category (stage) 4 pressure ulcer is now healing and shallower. How should it be documented according to standard guidance?

1. AAs a fully healed ulcer that can be removed from the record
2. BAs a category 2 pressure ulcer now
3. CAs a category 1 pressure ulcer now
4. DAs a healing category 4 pressure ulcer

How does breast milk jaundice usually differ from early breastfeeding jaundice?

1. AIt appears in the first 24 hours in a sick baby
2. BIt always needs the baby to stop breastfeeding permanently
3. CIt appears later, after the first week, in a thriving baby
4. DIt is caused by too little milk intake

Ten days after birth, a woman phones to say her bleeding has suddenly become heavy and bright red with clots, with lower abdominal pain and a temperature of 38,2 °C (100,8 °F). Which response is most appropriate?

1. AAdvise her to use tampons so the blood loss is easier to measure
2. BReassure her that lochia rubra often returns and review at 6 weeks
3. CAsk her to come in now; retained tissue or infection is possible
4. DTell her it is probably her first period and needs no action

Which instruction about preparing powdered infant formula is correct?

1. AAdd an extra scoop of powder to each bottle to help a small baby gain weight faster
2. BAdd extra water in hot weather so the baby gets more fluid
3. CFollow the stated water-to-powder ratio exactly and do not warm bottles in a microwave
4. DWarm bottles in the microwave, as long as they are shaken first

A child with a central venous catheter for chemotherapy develops fever and rigors shortly after the line is flushed. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA normal reaction to the chemotherapy
2. BA blocked line that needs more forceful flushing
3. CA catheter-related bloodstream infection
4. DAn allergy to the saline flush

What is the main difference between disulfiram and naltrexone in alcohol dependence?

1. ANaltrexone is used only for alcohol withdrawal; disulfiram is used only for treating an alcohol overdose
2. BDisulfiram reduces craving; naltrexone causes vomiting when alcohol is drunk
3. CBoth work in exactly the same way, so they are fully interchangeable
4. DDisulfiram causes an unpleasant reaction to alcohol; naltrexone reduces craving and reward

A patient in a manic episode starts taking off her clothes in the busy day room. What is the most appropriate action?

1. ACall security to remove her from the ward
2. BCalmly cover her and guide her to her room or a quiet area
3. CAsk the other patients to ignore her and carry on
4. DTell her loudly in front of everyone that she must stop

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah dosis dicatat pada 11:45 PM. Entri mana yang merupakan waktu yang sama pada jam 24 jam? Klik entri itu.

1. 100:45
2. 223:45
3. 322:45
4. 411:45

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Hasil glukosa darah adalah 167 mg/dL. Dengan 1 mmol/L = 18 mg/dL untuk glukosa, cari c dalam mmol/L. Bulatkan ke satu tempat desimal.

Sebuah ampul epinefrin (adrenalin) berlabel 1:1000 (1 mg/mL). Resepnya 0,3 mg IM untuk anafilaksis. Berapa volume V yang Anda ambil?

Resepnya 650 mikrogram. Ampul mengandung 1 mg/mL. Tarik dosis dalam alat suntik 1 mL: berapa volume V yang Anda berikan?

Infus diresepkan pada 100 mL/h, tetapi tidak ada pompa. Infus berjalan dengan gravitasi melalui set infus 60 gtt/mL. Tentukan laju tetes R dalam tetes per menit.

1000 mL diresepkan selama 8 jam. Setelah 3 jam Anda mendapati masih ada 710 mL di kantong, dan infus tetap harus selesai tepat waktu. Berapa persen Δ laju pompa awal harus dinaikkan?

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Catatan menunjukkan asupan dan haluaran seorang pasien selama satu shift 12 jam. Berat badan pasien 98 kg. Cari rata-rata haluaran urine U dalam mL/kg/jam. Bulatkan ke dua angka desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah kantong 500 mL dimulai pada pukul 08:45 dan dijalankan dengan pompa pada 150 mL/h. Berapa mL V yang tersisa di kantong pada pukul 11:45?

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Seorang pasien latihan dinilai dengan skala jatuh Morse: riwayat jatuh dalam 3 bulan terakhir: ya; diagnosis sekunder: ya; alat bantu jalan: berpegangan pada perabot; terapi IV atau saline lock: ya; cara berjalan: lemah; status mental: mengetahui batas kemampuannya. Cari total Morse MFS.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Seorang pasien latihan dinilai dengan skala Braden: persepsi sensorik: terbatas sepenuhnya; kelembapan: selalu lembap; aktivitas: hanya bisa duduk di kursi; mobilitas: sama sekali tidak bergerak; nutrisi: kemungkinan tidak adekuat; gesekan dan geseran: bermasalah. Gunakan kategori 19–23 tidak berisiko, 15–18 ringan, 13–14 sedang, 10–12 tinggi, dan 9 atau kurang sangat tinggi. Klik tingkat risikonya.

1. 1tidak berisiko
2. 2risiko ringan
3. 3risiko sedang
4. 4risiko tinggi
5. 5risiko sangat tinggi