Soal latihan bergaya NCLEX-PN (LPN/LVN): paket kilat

A student nurse is asked to carry out a procedure they have not been trained to do. What should they do?

1. AAsk the patient to talk them through it
2. BDo it anyway, carefully, to avoid upsetting the team or delaying care
3. CWatch a video and then do it alone
4. DExplain that they have not been trained and ask for supervision

An older woman has been lying on the floor at home all night after a fall. Which complications should the nurse look for in particular?

1. AHigh blood sugar and a raised temperature from lying still
2. BHair loss and nail damage
3. CPressure damage, hypothermia and muscle breakdown
4. DSunburn and dehydration from sweating

During a surgical hand scrub, how are the hands held?

1. AAt the level of the waist, close to the body
2. BBelow the elbows, so water runs off the fingertips into the sink
3. CPointing downward into the sink at all times
4. DAbove the elbows, so water runs from the fingertips toward the elbows

Saat masuk rumah sakit, daftar obat dari rumah mencakup pengencer darah yang tidak ada dalam instruksi rumah sakit yang baru. Apa yang harus dilakukan perawat?

1. AMengabaikannya, karena instruksi rumah sakit menggantikan obat rumahan
2. BMengklarifikasi ketidaksesuaian dengan pemberi resep
3. CMenyuruh pasien diam-diam meminum persediaannya sendiri
4. DMemberikan dosis rumahan tanpa instruksi

An Rh-negative mother has just given birth to an Rh-positive baby. What does the nurse expect to give the mother?

1. ARh immunoglobulin within 72 hours
2. BA dose of the hepatitis B vaccine instead
3. CVitamin K to the mother
4. DNo treatment is needed

A patient has a wrist restraint. The nurse finds the fingers on that hand pale, cool and tingling. What should the nurse do first?

1. ADocument the finding and continue with the medication round
2. BLoosen the restraint and assess the circulation
3. CTighten the restraint so the patient moves less
4. DRaise the arm on a pillow and check again in two hours

Long-term amiodarone treatment can affect which of the following?

1. AHair colour and nail growth only, with no effect on organs
2. BThyroid function, the lungs and the skin's sensitivity to sunlight
3. CBlood glucose and cholesterol only
4. DThe sense of smell and taste only, with no other effects

A patient faints during cannulation, with a slow pulse and pallor, and recovers quickly when laid flat. There is no rash, wheeze or swelling. What is most likely?

1. AVasovagal syncope
2. BA hypoglycaemic coma
3. CA stroke
4. DAnaphylaxis

An older adult with chronic kidney disease takes glyburide (glibenclamide, a sulfonylurea) and has repeated low glucose readings. Why is this a concern?

1. AThe drug stops working entirely when the kidneys fail
2. BThe drug causes high potassium that lowers the glucose
3. CThe drug and its metabolites build up and cause long lows
4. DThe drug makes the glucose meter read falsely low

Ten days after chemotherapy, a patient has a platelet count of 9 × 10³/µL and reports a sudden severe headache and blurred vision. What is the priority?

1. AEncourage the patient to drink more fluids and check the blood pressure later
2. BDim the lights and encourage rest, as headaches are common after chemotherapy
3. CGive acetaminophen (paracetamol) for the headache and reassess in 1 hour
4. DAssess neurological status and report it at once as possible brain bleeding

A patient receives lactulose for hepatic encephalopathy. Which finding shows that it is working?

1. ATen watery stools a day and a low serum potassium
2. BBetter alertness and orientation, with two to three soft stools a day
3. CNo bowel movement for three days, with less confusion than before
4. DHigher blood ammonia with improved appetite

Carboprost is a prostaglandin used for postpartum haemorrhage. In which woman should it be avoided?

1. AA woman with asthma
2. BA woman with iron deficiency anaemia
3. CA woman who is breastfeeding
4. DA woman who had a vaginal birth

Seorang pasien mengalami fibrilasi atrium lebih dari 48 jam dan dijadwalkan untuk kardioversi elektif. Mengapa antikoagulasi diperlukan sebelumnya?

1. AAntikoagulan membuat kejutan listrik kurang menyakitkan
2. BBekuan atrium dapat terlepas saat irama sinus kembali
3. CAntikoagulan mengubah FA kembali ke irama sinus
4. DAntikoagulan mengurangi energi listrik yang dibutuhkan untuk kejutan

An adult inhales a peanut while laughing and now has a persistent cough and wheeze on one side. Where is the peanut most likely to have lodged?

1. AThe oesophagus
2. BThe nasal cavity
3. CThe right main bronchus
4. DThe left main bronchus

Pasien yang menggunakan fenitoin jangka panjang harus diedukasi tentang efek samping mana?

1. APertumbuhan berlebih gusi, sehingga kebersihan mulut yang baik penting
2. BPenurunan berat badan dan tidak tahan panas
3. CGangguan pendengaran bertahap dan permanen
4. DRambut rontok di kulit kepala pada hampir semua pasien

A day after a total thyroidectomy, a patient has tingling lips, a positive Chvostek's sign and a corrected calcium of 1,85 mmol/L (about 7,4 mg/dL). What does the nurse expect?

1. AA loop diuretic to remove the extra calcium
2. BIV calcium gluconate and monitoring for laryngospasm
3. CIV potassium chloride and a fluid restriction
4. DOral levothyroxine, with a recheck of the calcium in a month

After a percutaneous liver biopsy, how is the patient usually positioned at first?

1. AOn the right side, to press on the puncture site
2. BOn the left side, to drain the liver
3. CSitting upright, with the legs over the edge of the bed
4. DProne, with the head lower than the feet

A nurse teaches a patient going home between chemotherapy cycles. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll check my temperature whenever I feel hot, shivery or unwell."
2. B"If I get a fever, I'll take paracetamol and see if it settles."
3. C"I'll wash my hands often and avoid people with infections."
4. D"I'll keep the emergency number and call if I feel shivery."

A woman received an opioid shortly before giving birth, and the baby is born with poor breathing effort. Which statement about the baby's care is correct?

1. AFlumazenil is given to reverse the opioid
2. BNaloxone is given before any ventilation is started
3. CNo support is needed because the effect lasts only seconds
4. DEffective ventilation comes first; naloxone is not routine

A woman on day 2 after a caesarean suddenly has chest pain, breathlessness, a heart rate of 120/min and an oxygen saturation of 90%. What is the priority?

1. ACall for help, sit her up and give oxygen
2. BGive her a laxative for abdominal pressure
3. CAsk her to walk to the bathroom
4. DTell her to rest and recheck in 4 hours

Ten minutes into a blood transfusion, a child develops fever, chills and back pain. What should the nurse do first?

1. AGive an antihistamine and continue
2. BSlow the transfusion and give paracetamol (acetaminophen)
3. CFinish the unit quickly, then report it
4. DStop the transfusion

The parents of a child who is being resuscitated ask to stay in the room. What is the best response?

1. ATell them to wait outside in the corridor until the resuscitation is over
2. BAllow them to stay if they wish, with a staff member to support and explain
3. CAllow them to stay only if they help with the compressions
4. DAsk them to leave, because their presence always harms the team's work

Tanda mana yang khas untuk putus opioid?

1. AMenguap, hidung berair, pupil melebar, merinding, dan diare
2. BTidur nyenyak dan konstipasi
3. CPupil mengecil seperti titik dan napas lambat
4. DDemam tinggi, kekakuan pipa timah, dan kebingungan dalam sehari setelah dosis terakhir

A patient with long-standing schizophrenia is often seen drinking from the taps. Today he is confused, has a headache and his serum sodium is 124 mmol/L (124 mEq/L). What is the most likely problem?

1. AWater intoxication from psychogenic polydipsia
2. BNeuroleptic malignant syndrome from his antipsychotic medicine
3. CDehydration caused by anticholinergic side effects
4. DA worsening of his psychosis that needs a higher dose of antipsychotic

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Seorang pasien memiliki tinggi 168 cm. Dengan 1 in = 2,54 cm, cari tinggi h dalam inci. Bulatkan ke satu tempat desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Hasil hemoglobin adalah 77 g/L. Nyatakan dalam g/dL Hb.

Seorang pasien berbobot 18 kg dan diresepkan 7,5 mg/kg sebagai dosis tunggal. Tentukan dosisnya D dalam mg.

Seorang pasien memiliki tinggi 161 cm dan berat 60 kg. Resepnya 25 mg/m². Dengan rumus Mosteller BSA = √(tinggi (cm) × berat (kg)/3600), tentukan dosis D dalam mg.

Infuskan 1500 mL selama 4 jam dengan set 10 tts/mL. Tentukan laju tetesan R dalam tetes per menit. Bulatkan ke bilangan bulat terdekat.

Infus berisi 200 mg dalam 250 mL berjalan pada 6 mL/h. Berapa mikrogram per menit D yang diterima pasien?

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Catatan menunjukkan asupan dan haluaran seorang pasien selama satu shift 8 jam. Infus IV berjalan dengan laju yang ditunjukkan selama seluruh shift. Cari keseimbangan cairan B = asupan − haluaran dalam mL (jawaban negatif berarti kehilangan bersih).

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah infus 1000 mL dimulai pada pukul 14:30 dengan laju 120 mL/h. Setelah 2 jam lajunya diubah menjadi 125 mL/h dan tidak diubah lagi. Berapa jam t setelah dimulai kantong akan kosong? Bulatkan ke satu angka desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Seorang pasien latihan dinilai dengan skala Braden: persepsi sensorik: tidak ada gangguan; kelembapan: kadang-kadang lembap; aktivitas: terbaring di tempat tidur; mobilitas: tanpa keterbatasan; nutrisi: kemungkinan tidak adekuat; gesekan dan geseran: berpotensi bermasalah. Cari total Braden B.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Seorang pasien latihan dinilai dengan skala jatuh Morse: riwayat jatuh dalam 3 bulan terakhir: ya; diagnosis sekunder: tidak; alat bantu jalan: kruk, tongkat, atau walker; terapi IV atau saline lock: ya; cara berjalan: terganggu; status mental: melebih-lebihkan atau melupakan batas kemampuannya. Dengan batas 0–24 rendah, 25–44 sedang, dan 45 atau lebih tinggi, klik tingkat risiko jatuhnya.

1. 1risiko rendah
2. 2risiko sedang
3. 3risiko tinggi