Soal latihan bergaya NCLEX-PN (LPN/LVN): paket kilat

Di mana kantong drainase kateter urine harus diletakkan?

1. ADi bawah ketinggian kandung kemih, tidak menyentuh lantai
2. BDi atas ketinggian kandung kemih
3. CDi atas perut pasien
4. DDi lantai di samping tempat tidur

Why is the level of sedation a useful early warning in a patient on opioids?

1. ASedation only occurs after the breathing has stopped
2. BSedation shows that the pain has completely gone and the dose is right
3. CSedation means the opioid dose is too low
4. DIncreasing sedation usually comes before respiratory depression

Saat membuka paket steril di atas meja, lipatan mana yang dibuka pertama?

1. ALipatan samping mana pun yang paling mudah dijangkau
2. BLipatan yang paling dekat dengan perawat
3. CSemua lipatan sekaligus
4. DLipatan yang paling jauh dari perawat

A nurse has a needlestick from a patient known to have hepatitis C. Which statement about management is correct?

1. AThe hepatitis C vaccine series is started at once, with a booster dose six months later
2. BNo follow-up is needed because hepatitis C does not spread by needles
3. CHepatitis C immune globulin is given within 24 hours, followed by a booster dose
4. DThere is no preventive drug, so baseline and follow-up testing are done to detect infection early

A malnourished patient admitted with alcohol use disorder needs IV glucose. Which vitamin is given before or with it?

1. AThiamine (vitamin B₁)
2. BVitamin C (ascorbic acid)
3. CVitamin D (calciferol)
4. DVitamin K (phytonadione)

During a power cut, which patient is the nurse’s first priority?

1. AA patient watching television when it switched off
2. BA patient whose call light is not working
3. CA patient who depends on a ventilator
4. DA patient whose bed will not raise electrically

A patient with DKA has an arterial blood gas showing a low pH and a low bicarbonate. Which disturbance is this?

1. ARespiratory alkalosis
2. BRespiratory acidosis
3. CMetabolic alkalosis
4. DMetabolic acidosis

A patient with new fast atrial fibrillation has chest pain, a blood pressure of 75/40 mmHg and is confused. What does this indicate?

1. AAnxiety about the new diagnosis that will settle with reassurance and rest alone
2. BA stable rhythm that can safely be reviewed at the next routine ward round
3. CHaemodynamic instability needing urgent treatment, possibly electrical cardioversion
4. DA normal response to atrial fibrillation needing no action

Kadar palung vankomisin berada di atas rentang target. Efek samping mana yang menjadi perhatian utama?

1. AKerusakan ginjal (nefrotoksisitas)
2. BGlukosa darah rendah (hipoglikemia)
3. CKonstipasi dan kembung
4. DHitung trombosit meningkat (trombositosis)

Ten days after chemotherapy, a patient has a platelet count of 9 × 10³/µL and reports a sudden severe headache and blurred vision. What is the priority?

1. AGive acetaminophen (paracetamol) for the headache and reassess in 1 hour
2. BDim the lights and encourage rest, as headaches are common after chemotherapy
3. CEncourage the patient to drink more fluids and check the blood pressure later
4. DAssess neurological status and report it at once as possible brain bleeding

Long-term use of metformin can cause a deficiency of which vitamin?

1. AVitamin K
2. BVitamin B12
3. CVitamin D
4. DVitamin A

A patient receives high-dose IV aciclovir for herpes encephalitis. Which nursing action reduces the main risk to the kidneys?

1. AKeep the patient well hydrated and give the infusion slowly
2. BGive the infusion as a rapid push
3. CRestrict oral and IV fluids to prevent brain swelling
4. DGive a loop diuretic before each dose

Monitor menunjukkan fibrilasi ventrikel. Pasien tidak responsif dan tidak bernapas normal. Apa penanganan kuncinya?

1. AAdenosin IV cepat diikuti pembilasan
2. BAtropin IV dan pacu jantung eksternal
3. CRJP dan defibrilasi sesegera mungkin
4. DKardioversi tersinkronisasi dengan sedasi dalam

Which instruction from the registered nurse to a healthcare assistant (unlicensed assistive personnel) caring for a patient with COPD is most appropriate?

1. A"Turn his oxygen up to whatever he needs if he looks short of breath."
2. B"Teach him how to use his new inhaler this afternoon after his rest."
3. C"Listen to his chest after lunch and let me know what you can hear."
4. D"Tell me straight away if his SpO₂ is under 88% or he is more breathless."

A patient with diabetic neuropathy has an ulcer on the ball of the foot. Which measure is most important for healing?

1. ATaking pressure off the ulcer
2. BSoaking the foot in hot water daily
3. CCovering it and checking it in a month
4. DWalking more to improve blood flow

The nurse has four urology patients. Which one needs to be seen first?

1. AA patient with a suprapubic catheter due for a routine change
2. BA patient with a nephrostomy who has rigors and a BP of 86/50 mmHg
3. CA patient after TURP with light pink drainage and mild discomfort
4. DA patient with stress incontinence asking about pelvic floor exercises

What is a Curling's ulcer?

1. AA stress ulcer of the stomach or duodenum after a major burn
2. BA leg ulcer caused by venous disease after long bed rest
3. CA burn on the sole of the foot
4. DA pressure ulcer under a splint that has been left on too long

On the day after a Hartmann's procedure, the end colostomy is dark purple to black. What should the nurse do?

1. ACut a smaller hole in the pouch
2. BReport it urgently, as the stoma may be necrotic
3. CRecord it as normal postoperative bruising and recheck it next week
4. DRub the stoma to improve its colour

Why is the hearing of newborns screened before discharge or soon after birth?

1. AHearing loss can be cured with a single injection
2. BIt detects congenital heart disease
3. CEarly support improves language development
4. DIt is required before vitamin K can be given

A woman 2 hours after birth asks for help to the bathroom. She had an epidural that is now off. What is the main safety concern?

1. AFainting from low blood glucose only
2. BIncreased lochia from walking
3. CReopening of the epidural site
4. DLeg weakness or numbness causing a fall

Which advice about screen use reflects common paediatric guidance for children under about 18 months?

1. AUp to 2 hours a day of educational TV programmes is beneficial for language
2. BBackground TV helps language development
3. CAvoid screen media, apart from video calls with family
4. DScreens are fine as long as the volume is low

A 15-year-old with cystic fibrosis has stopped doing her daily physiotherapy. What is the best approach?

1. ATell her parents to supervise every session until she is 18
2. BStop the physiotherapy, since she does not want it
3. CExplore her reasons and plan treatment with her that fits her daily life
4. DWarn her firmly that she will die soon if she does not do what she is told

A patient on a mental health ward insists that he is a famous inventor whose ideas were stolen by the government. Which type of delusion is the main one here?

1. ANihilistic
2. BGrandiose
3. CSomatic
4. DErotomanic

Segera setelah terapi ECT, seorang pasien mengantuk di area pemulihan. Apa prioritas keperawatan?

1. AMempertahankan jalan napas, memosisikan pasien miring, dan memantau tanda vital
2. BMenguji ingatan jangka panjang pasien secara rinci untuk memeriksa kerusakan yang menetap
3. CLangsung memberi sarapan besar
4. DMeminta pasien berjalan kembali ke bangsal sendirian

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah dosis dicatat pada 04:10 (jam 24 jam). Entri mana yang merupakan waktu yang sama pada jam 12 jam? Klik entri itu.

1. 16:10 AM
2. 24:10 PM
3. 34:10 AM
4. 43:10 AM

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah infus memberikan 6 mg/jam. Nyatakan laju dosis ini D dalam mcg/menit. Bulatkan ke satu tempat desimal.

Sebuah ampul epinefrin (adrenalin) berlabel 1:1000 (1 mg/mL). Resepnya 0,5 mg IM untuk anafilaksis. Berapa volume V yang Anda ambil?

Resepnya 0,38 mg. Ampul mengandung 500 mikrogram per mL. Tarik dosis dalam alat suntik 1 mL: berapa volume V yang Anda berikan?

Infuskan 1000 mL selama 4 jam dengan set 20 tts/mL. Tentukan laju tetesan R dalam tetes per menit. Bulatkan ke bilangan bulat terdekat.

200 mg obat diencerkan dalam 100 mL dan diberikan dengan gravitasi melalui set 60 gtt/mL. Resepnya 100 mg per jam. Tentukan laju tetes R dalam tetes per menit.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Catatan menunjukkan asupan dan haluaran seorang pasien selama satu shift 8 jam. Infus IV berjalan dengan laju yang ditunjukkan selama seluruh shift. Cari total asupan I dalam mL. Hitung serpihan es setengah volumenya.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah kantong 500 mL dijalankan dengan pompa pada 150 mL/h. Pada pukul 08:30, 150 mL sudah diinfuskan. Berapa jam t lagi sampai kantong kosong? Bulatkan ke satu angka desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Seorang pasien latihan dinilai dengan skala jatuh Morse: riwayat jatuh dalam 3 bulan terakhir: ya; diagnosis sekunder: ya; alat bantu jalan: tidak ada, tirah baring, atau dibantu perawat; terapi IV atau saline lock: tidak; cara berjalan: lemah; status mental: mengetahui batas kemampuannya. Cari total Morse MFS.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Pada menit ke-1 setelah lahir, seorang bayi baru lahir latihan memiliki kulit biru atau pucat di seluruh tubuh, denyut jantung 75/menit, meringis saat dirangsang, sedikit fleksi pada lengan dan tungkai, dan napas lambat dan tidak teratur dengan tangis lemah. Hitung skor APGAR dan klik bagaimana skor itu diinterpretasikan.

1. 1menenangkan
2. 2abnormal sedang
3. 3rendah