1.Prioritas & delegasiSedang
A patient with heart failure gained 2 kg (about 4 lb) since yesterday and is more breathless when lying down. What should the nurse do first?
- ALay the patient flat to help them breathe more easily
- BRecord the weight on the chart and recheck it at the next weekly weigh-in
- CEncourage extra fluids to correct the weight change
- DAssess the lungs, oxygen saturation and swelling, then inform the provider
2.Prioritas & delegasiSulit
Penugasan kepada LPN/LVN mana yang paling tepat?
- APasien yang dipindahkan dari perawatan intensif satu jam yang lalu
- BPasien dengan fibrilasi atrium baru yang baru memulai infus diltiazem IV
- CPasien PPOK stabil yang memerlukan bronkodilator nebulisasi terjadwal dan obat oral
- DPasien yang memerlukan edukasi pemulangan untuk warfarin yang baru dimulai
3.Pengendalian infeksi & keselamatan pasienSedang
Which PPE does a nurse wear when giving an IV chemotherapy drug?
- AOne pair of standard latex gloves, changed after the infusion is started
- BA reusable cloth gown and one pair of gloves
- CA surgical mask and no gloves
- DTwo pairs of chemotherapy-tested gloves and a disposable impermeable gown
4.Pengendalian infeksi & keselamatan pasienSulit
Saat masuk rumah sakit, daftar obat dari rumah mencakup pengencer darah yang tidak ada dalam instruksi rumah sakit yang baru. Apa yang harus dilakukan perawat?
- AMengklarifikasi ketidaksesuaian dengan pemberi resep
- BMenyuruh pasien diam-diam meminum persediaannya sendiri
- CMengabaikannya, karena instruksi rumah sakit menggantikan obat rumahan
- DMemberikan dosis rumahan tanpa instruksi
5.Nilai laboratorium & elektrolitSedang
A patient takes high-dose furosemide. Besides potassium, which electrolyte is most commonly lowered?
- AMagnesium
- BSodium bicarbonate
- CPhosphate
- DUric acid
6.Nilai laboratorium & elektrolitSulit
A patient with schizophrenia drinks very large amounts of water each day. Sodium is 121 mEq/L, and the urine is very dilute (urine osmolality 70 mOsm/kg). Which explanation fits best?
- AHyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
- BCentral diabetes insipidus
- CPrimary (psychogenic) polydipsia
- DSyndrome of inappropriate ADH
7.Keperawatan klinisSedang
Perut seorang pasien kaku seperti papan, dan ia berbaring sangat diam karena gerakan memperburuk nyeri. Apa yang ditunjukkan hal ini?
- APeritonitis
- BInfeksi saluran kemih
- CGangguan pencernaan
- DKonstipasi
8.Keperawatan klinisSulit
A nurse phones a doctor about a deteriorating patient using SBAR. Which statement belongs in the "R" section?
- A"His blood pressure is 85/50 and he is confused."
- B"He was admitted three days ago with pneumonia."
- C"Please review him within the next 15 minutes."
- D"I am calling about Mr Smith, who is breathless."
9.Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasiSedang
A patient has just started an ACE inhibitor. Which blood tests are usually checked within the first one to two weeks?
- APotassium and creatinine
- BTroponin and creatine kinase
- CINR and platelet count
- DLiver enzymes and amylase
10.Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasiSulit
A patient with a stab wound to the chest has a hole that sucks air with each breath. What is the immediate management?
- ALeave it open and give a nebuliser
- BSeal it completely with tape on all four sides and leave it alone
- CPack the wound tightly with gauze pushed deep into the chest
- DCover it with a vented chest seal or a dressing taped on three sides
11.Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjalSedang
Which picture fits anterior cord syndrome?
- AWeakness on one side and loss of pain sensation on the other side
- BNormal movement but complete loss of position sense
- CArms much weaker than legs after a neck injury
- DLoss of movement and pain sense, with position sense kept
12.Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjalSulit
A patient with diabetes insipidus after head trauma needs hourly urine output measurement. Which task can be delegated to a trained healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?
- ADeciding whether to give the next desmopressin dose
- BAssessing the patient's level of consciousness
- CInterpreting the serum sodium results
- DMeasuring hourly urine and reporting results above a set amount
13.Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologiSedang
When is cold therapy most useful for pain?
- ASoon after an acute soft tissue injury, to reduce swelling
- BDirectly on skin with poor circulation
- CFor long-term muscle stiffness, applied continuously for several hours
- DOver numb areas where sensation is lost
14.Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologiSulit
After surgery, a patient says they have "no pain" but grimaces, breathes shallowly and refuses to move or cough. What should the nurse do?
- AInsist they walk without any analgesia
- BExplore their beliefs and explain how analgesia aids recovery
- CTell the patient firmly that they must stop hiding their pain from staff
- DAccept the statement and record a pain score of 0