Prioritas & Delegasi ala NCLEX: paket kilat

Before accessing a central venous catheter, what should the nurse do to prevent infection?

1. AScrub the hub with an antiseptic such as chlorhexidine and let it dry
2. BBlow on the hub to remove any dust before connecting the syringe or line
3. CTouch the hub to check it is clean
4. DRinse the hub with tap water and dry it

Empat pasien tiba di instalasi gawat darurat bersamaan. Siapa yang harus dilihat lebih dulu?

1. AOrang dewasa dengan pergelangan kaki berubah bentuk dan nadi normal di kaki
2. BOrang dewasa dengan migrain dan tekanan darah 150/90 mmHg
3. CRemaja dengan luka sayat di lengan yang perdarahannya terkendali
4. DAnak 2 tahun yang air liurnya menetes, duduk condong ke depan, dan memiliki stridor

A patient needs to be moved up in bed and cannot help much. Which approach is safest?

1. AUse a friction-reducing sheet with enough staff, with the bed flat if tolerated
2. BAsk the patient to push up with their heels alone
3. CHave one nurse pull the patient up by the arms
4. DRaise the head of the bed fully and lift the patient up by the shoulders

A nurse has a needlestick from a patient known to have hepatitis C. Which statement about management is correct?

1. AHepatitis C immune globulin is given within 24 hours, followed by a booster dose
2. BThere is no preventive drug, so baseline and follow-up testing are done to detect infection early
3. CThe hepatitis C vaccine series is started at once, with a booster dose six months later
4. DNo follow-up is needed because hepatitis C does not spread by needles

A tired patient with heavy menstrual periods has a normal hemoglobin and MCV but a ferritin of 8 ng/mL. What does this show?

1. AVitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia
2. BIron overload from too much iron
3. CIron deficiency without anemia yet
4. DA completely normal iron status

A young woman with frequent self-induced vomiting has swollen salivary glands. Which laboratory pattern is most likely?

1. AHigh potassium, low bicarbonate and low amylase
2. BHigh calcium, high phosphate and high glucose
3. CLow sodium, low bicarbonate and high lipase
4. DLow potassium, high bicarbonate and high amylase

Seorang pasien gagal jantung memiliki sputum merah muda berbusa dan ronki di seluruh kedua paru. Apa yang terjadi?

1. ASerangan asma
2. BPerdarahan saluran cerna atas
3. CEdema paru akut
4. DPneumotoraks

Why are liquid medicines for nasogastric tubes drawn up in dedicated enteral (oral) syringes rather than IV syringes?

1. AIV syringes cannot hold liquid medicines
2. BTo prevent accidental intravenous administration
3. CEnteral syringes measure doses less accurately
4. DEnteral syringes keep the medicine sterile

A young patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy asks why they are told to avoid dehydration. What is the best explanation?

1. AFluids dissolve the extra muscle in the heart wall
2. BDehydration makes the heart muscle grow thicker within a few hours
3. CLow blood volume can worsen obstruction of blood leaving the heart
4. DDehydration is the cause of the inherited condition

A patient has been on continuous NIV via a full-face mask for two days. Which nursing measure helps prevent the most common complication?

1. ATighten the straps as far as they will go to stop any leak
2. BCheck mask fit and protect the bridge of the nose
3. CRemove the mask for an hour each time the alarm sounds
4. DUse the same mask size for every patient

Sebelum trombolisis IV untuk stroke, batas tekanan darah mana yang umum digunakan?

1. ADi atas sekitar 200/120 mmHg
2. BDi bawah sekitar 185/110 mmHg
3. CDi bawah sekitar 90/60 mmHg
4. DTidak ada batas tekanan darah

A patient with renal colic has normal kidney function and no other contraindications. Which drug is usually the first choice for pain?

1. AAn oral antihistamine such as cetirizine
2. BAn NSAID such as diclofenac
3. COral paracetamol (acetaminophen) alone
4. DA benzodiazepine such as diazepam

What does "neoadjuvant" treatment mean?

1. ATreatment that is given only after the cancer has already spread
2. BTreatment that is given instead of any surgery
3. CTreatment before the main treatment, often to shrink the tumour
4. DTreatment given only for pain relief

A nurse has a needlestick injury after taking blood from a patient with hepatitis B. What should the nurse do first?

1. AScrub the area hard with a nail brush and alcohol
2. BSuck the wound to remove as much of the blood as possible
3. CWash the site with soap and running water, without scrubbing
4. DFinish the shift and report it the next day