1.Prioritas & delegasiSedang
A patient wants to leave the hospital against medical advice. What should the nurse do?
- AInform the provider, explain the risks and document the discussion
- BLet the patient leave without telling anyone
- CHide the patient’s clothes and belongings until the provider arrives
- DLock the door so the patient cannot leave the unit
2.Prioritas & delegasiSulit
A patient taking an SSRI is also given tramadol. A few hours later the patient is agitated, sweating and has a fever, jerking muscles and brisk reflexes. What is the most likely cause?
- ANeuroleptic malignant syndrome
- BAn anxiety attack
- CSerotonin syndrome
- DOpioid withdrawal
3.Pengendalian infeksi & keselamatan pasienSedang
A person in scrubs without a hospital ID badge asks to take a newborn to the nursery. What should the nurse do?
- ALet the parents decide whether to hand the baby over
- BHand over the baby if the person seems confident
- CAsk the person their name and then give them the baby
- DRefuse, keep the baby with the mother and alert security
4.Pengendalian infeksi & keselamatan pasienSulit
Which patient with a suspected infection meets the qSOFA criteria that signal a higher risk of a poor outcome?
- ARespiratory rate 20/min, alert, systolic BP 110 mmHg, heart rate 110/min
- BRespiratory rate 18/min, alert, systolic BP 130 mmHg, temperature 38,5 °C
- CRespiratory rate 24/min, new confusion, systolic BP 95 mmHg
- DRespiratory rate 16/min, alert, systolic BP 105 mmHg, WBC 13,000/mm3
5.Nilai laboratorium & elektrolitSedang
A patient has started parenteral nutrition (PN) through a central line. Which test is monitored most frequently in the first days?
- ABlood glucose
- BHemoglobin A1c
- CSerum lipase
- DThyroid hormones
6.Nilai laboratorium & elektrolitSulit
A health care worker's hepatitis B tests show: HBsAg negative, anti-HBs positive, anti-HBc positive. What does this mean?
- AImmunity from vaccination only, never infected
- BPast infection that has resolved, with immunity
- CNot immune and never exposed to the virus
- DCurrent chronic hepatitis B infection
7.Keperawatan klinisSedang
Tangga analgesik WHO merekomendasikan:
- AMemberikan analgesik hanya ketika nyeri menjadi berat
- BHanya menggunakan metode nonobat untuk nyeri kanker
- CMemulai semua pasien dengan opioid kuat
- DBeralih dari nonopioid ke opioid lemah lalu opioid kuat seiring bertambahnya nyeri
8.Keperawatan klinisSulit
A patient with lung cancer develops swelling of the face and arms, distended neck veins and breathlessness that is worse lying down. What should be suspected?
- ASuperior vena cava obstruction
- BRight-sided heart failure from valve disease
- CHypothyroidism
- DAn allergic reaction to food
9.Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasiSedang
A patient with a mechanical heart valve asks to switch from warfarin to apixaban. What is the correct response?
- AAspirin alone can replace warfarin once the valve has healed
- BAny anticoagulant works equally well once the valve is in place
- CMechanical valves do not need anticoagulation after the first month
- DDirect oral anticoagulants are not used for mechanical valves
10.Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasiSulit
A ventilated patient with severe ARDS is to be turned prone. What is the main reason, and the key nursing risk?
- AIt improves digestion and gut motility; the main risk is constipation
- BIt treats infection; the risk is fever
- CIt lowers the blood pressure; the main risk is rebound hypertension
- DIt improves oxygenation; risks are pressure injury and tube displacement
11.Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjalSedang
Why are insulin and glucose given together to treat hyperkalaemia?
- AInsulin moves potassium into cells; glucose prevents a hypo
- BInsulin makes the kidneys pass more potassium in the urine
- CGlucose binds the potassium in the blood and removes it
- DInsulin protects the heart muscle cells from the potassium
12.Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjalSulit
A patient's potassium is 7,1 mmol/L, and the ECG shows peaked T waves and broad QRS complexes. What is the first treatment?
- AOral sodium bicarbonate
- BOral potassium binder
- CIV furosemide
- DIV calcium gluconate
13.Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologiSedang
Mengapa pasien diajari menopang luka abdomen dengan bantal saat batuk?
- AMengurangi nyeri dan regangan, sehingga mereka dapat batuk dengan baik
- BMembuat batuk lebih lemah agar luka tidak berisiko
- CMempercepat penyembuhan tepi kulit
- DMenggantikan kebutuhan analgesia teratur
14.Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologiSulit
A bag of parenteral nutrition runs out and the next one will not arrive for several hours. Which risk should the nurse anticipate?
- AAcute urinary retention
- BSevere hyperkalaemia
- CRebound hypoglycaemia
- DRaised intracranial pressure