Prioritas & Delegasi ala NCLEX: paket kilat

Seorang perawat mendelegasikan tanda-tanda vital rutin kepada asisten keperawatan untuk pasien yang tekanan darahnya terus turun selama satu jam terakhir. Hak pendelegasian mana yang tidak terpenuhi?

1. ATugas yang benar, karena tanda-tanda vital tidak pernah dapat didelegasikan
2. BArahan dan komunikasi yang benar
3. CKeadaan yang benar
4. DOrang yang benar

A patient is admitted with suspected meningococcal meningitis. Which precautions are needed until treatment has been given for long enough?

1. ADroplet precautions
2. BAirborne precautions
3. CContact precautions only
4. DStandard precautions only

Why is blood glucose control important around the time of surgery?

1. ALow glucose is needed around surgery so that the wound edges close more quickly
2. BHigh glucose makes anesthetic drugs work for much longer and delays waking up
3. CGlucose levels only affect patients who have type 1 diabetes
4. DHigh glucose impairs white cell function and raises the risk of surgical site infection

Patients contaminated with radioactive dust arrive at the hospital. Which step removes most of the external contamination?

1. ARemoving the patient’s clothing
2. BWrapping the patient in a blanket
3. CGiving the patient potassium iodide
4. DScrubbing the skin until it is red

A patient with acute pancreatitis has muscle twitching and numbness around the mouth. Which laboratory value should the nurse check?

1. ASerum amylase
2. BSerum chloride
3. CSerum calcium
4. DSerum sodium

Seorang pasien dengan penyakit paru lama memiliki bikarbonat serum 32 mEq/L, PaCO₂ arteri yang selalu tinggi, dan pH 7,36. Kondisi mana yang paling sesuai?

1. AKetoasidosis diabetik akut dengan dehidrasi berat dan muntah
2. BDiare berat akut dengan kehilangan bikarbonat yang besar
3. COverdosis aspirin akut dengan napas cepat
4. DPPOK dengan retensi CO₂ kronis dan kompensasi metabolik

Seorang pasien diabetes tipe 2 sakit akut, sangat dehidrasi, dan memiliki glukosa darah 40 mmol/L tanpa keton yang bermakna. Apa diagnosis yang paling mungkin?

1. AKetoasidosis diabetik disertai dehidrasi
2. BStatus hiperosmolar hiperglikemik
3. CHipoglikemia
4. DDiabetes insipidus

The fluid in an underwater seal chest drain has stopped swinging with breathing. What could this mean?

1. AThe drain is working perfectly and needs no checks
2. BThe tube may be kinked or blocked, or the lung may have fully re-expanded
3. CThe patient's breathing has become normal and the drain can be pulled out by the nurse
4. DThe water seal has been set up correctly for the first time

A patient taking simvastatin drinks a large glass of grapefruit juice every morning. Why is this a concern?

1. AIt stops the statin from being absorbed from the gut at all
2. BIt causes the cholesterol level to rise sharply
3. CIt turns the statin into a blood thinner
4. DIt raises statin levels and the risk of muscle damage

Pendekatan pelepasan drainase dada mana yang umum diajarkan?

1. AMelepasnya saat napas ditahan atau ekspirasi, lalu menutup lokasi
2. BMelepasnya dan membiarkan lokasi terbuka mengalir selama sehari
3. CMelepasnya dengan hisapan masih berjalan penuh
4. DMelepasnya perlahan sementara pasien menarik napas dalam yang panjang

For which patient would the nurse question an order for pioglitazone?

1. AA patient with asthma
2. BA patient with heart failure
3. CA patient with hypothyroidism
4. DA patient with an allergy to latex

Seorang pasien mengalami episode sakit kepala hebat, berkeringat, palpitasi, dan tekanan darah sangat tinggi. Kondisi mana yang harus dipertimbangkan?

1. AFeokromositoma
2. BDiabetes insipidus
3. CPenyakit Addison
4. DHipotiroidisme

Which diet is usually recommended for a patient with cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy?

1. ANo food at all until the confusion settles
2. BOnly clear fluids for several weeks
3. CA very low-protein diet for the rest of their life to lower ammonia
4. DNormal protein and enough calories, with a late-evening snack

Why is an SGLT2 inhibitor such as dapagliflozin usually withheld before surgery?

1. AIt makes the patient's potassium dangerously high
2. BIt interacts with all general anaesthetic gases and stops them working
3. CIt causes the surgical wound to bleed more
4. DIt raises the risk of ketoacidosis, even with near-normal glucose