1.Prioritas & delegasiSedang
Tugas mana yang paling tepat didelegasikan RN kepada LPN/LVN?
- AMemasang kateter urine menetap pada pasien yang stabil
- BMemberikan edukasi pemulangan kepada pasien yang baru memulai insulin
- CMemulai unit pertama sel darah merah
- DMelakukan pengkajian saat masuk pada pasien baru
2.Prioritas & delegasiSulit
During JumpSTART triage, a child who cannot walk is breathing 50 times a minute. Which category is the child given?
- ABlack (expectant)
- BRed (immediate)
- CYellow (delayed)
- DGreen (minor)
3.Pengendalian infeksi & keselamatan pasienSedang
Why can side rails be dangerous for a confused, restless patient?
- ASide rails stop staff from reaching the patient in an emergency
- BSide rails always cause pressure injuries
- CSide rails make the bed move by itself
- DThe patient may climb over them or get trapped in gaps
4.Pengendalian infeksi & keselamatan pasienSulit
Saat pemasangan kateter urin dengan teknik steril, ujung kateter menyentuh paha pasien. Apa yang harus dilakukan perawat?
- AMelanjutkan, karena paha sudah dibersihkan
- BMembilas ujungnya dengan air steril lalu melanjutkan
- CMembuang kateter dan menggunakan yang steril baru
- DMengusap ujungnya dengan antiseptik dan melanjutkan
5.Nilai laboratorium & elektrolitSedang
Kapan kultur darah harus diambil pada pasien yang dicurigai sepsis?
- ASetelah tiga dosis antibiotik pertama
- BKapan saja, karena antibiotik tidak memengaruhi hasil
- CHanya jika demam berlangsung lebih dari tiga hari
- DSebelum dosis antibiotik pertama, tanpa menundanya terlalu lama
6.Nilai laboratorium & elektrolitSulit
A patient has a positive hepatitis C antibody (anti-HCV) test. What is the most appropriate next step?
- ATest for HCV RNA to find out whether infection is current
- BGive hepatitis C vaccine to prevent further infection
- CTell the patient they definitely have chronic hepatitis C
- DRepeat the antibody test, as a positive test is always false
7.Keperawatan klinisSedang
Which finding with a groin hernia needs urgent surgical review?
- AThe lump disappears completely when the patient lies down flat
- BThe lump has become painful and tender and cannot be pushed back
- CThe lump has been present for several years without pain
- DThe lump gets bigger when the patient coughs
8.Keperawatan klinisSulit
A patient has a full-thickness burn all the way round the forearm. Which complication must be watched for closely?
- ALoss of circulation to the hand as swelling builds under tight burned skin
- BExcessive bleeding from the burn surface needing an urgent blood transfusion
- CDelayed hair growth on the arm
- DHypoglycaemia caused by the body using glucose to heal the burn
9.Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasiSedang
Why is a higher level of HDL cholesterol considered protective?
- AHDL lowers the blood pressure directly
- BHDL carries cholesterol from the tissues back to the liver
- CHDL thins the blood in the same way as an anticoagulant
- DHDL is converted into vitamin D in the walls of the arteries
10.Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasiSulit
Two days after a coronary stent, a patient on aspirin and ticagrelor has black, tarry stools and feels faint on standing. What should the nurse do?
- AReassure the patient that iron tablets cause black stools
- BCheck vital signs, report urgently and anticipate a blood count
- CGive a laxative and repeat the observations tomorrow
- DStop both antiplatelet drugs permanently on the nurse's own decision
11.Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjalSedang
Before surgery for a phaeochromocytoma, why is an alpha-blocker started before any beta-blocker?
- AAlpha-blockers lower the blood glucose before surgery
- BBeta-blockers given first would make the tumour grow faster
- CA beta-blocker alone can cause a dangerous rise in BP
- DThe order of the two drugs makes no difference
12.Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjalSulit
Seorang pasien hipotiroidisme yang melewatkan obat selama berminggu-minggu dirawat dengan hipotermia dan mengantuk, nadi 46/menit, natrium rendah, dan PaCO₂ meningkat. Kondisi mana yang paling mungkin?
- AKoma miksedema
- BSengatan panas
- CBadai tiroid
- DKrisis adrenal
13.Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologiSedang
How is an uncomplicated sigmoid volvulus often first treated?
- AEating a large high-fibre meal
- BHigh-dose laxatives taken by mouth
- CDecompression with a flexible sigmoidoscope and flatus tube
- DA barium meal given by mouth to untwist the bowel slowly
14.Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologiSulit
A patient with a sacral pressure ulcer keeps sliding down the bed when the head is raised high. Which advice best reduces shear?
- ARaise the head of the bed to 90° and pull the patient up the bed by the arms
- BUse a dry sheet and drag the patient up the bed
- CKeep the head of the bed at or below 30° if possible; use slide sheets
- DSit the patient upright without any support for the feet