1.Prioritas & delegasiSedang
A patient taking clozapine reports a sore throat and fever. What is the priority action?
- AIncrease the dose because the symptoms suggest a relapse
- BAdvise the patient to gargle with warm salt water and rest in bed
- COffer throat lozenges and continue the usual dose
- DHold the dose and report so the white cell count can be checked
2.Prioritas & delegasiSulit
Sebuah tim terdiri dari RN, LPN/LVN, dan asisten keperawatan. Penugasan mana yang paling tepat?
- AAsisten: obat oral; LPN/LVN: rencana asuhan; RN: perawatan kebersihan diri untuk pasien stabil
- BLPN/LVN: semua pengkajian awal; RN: obat terjadwal; asisten: edukasi pemulangan
- CRN: pasien baru masuk; LPN/LVN: obat untuk pasien stabil; asisten: kebersihan diri
- DAsisten: pasien baru masuk; LPN/LVN: perawatan kebersihan diri; RN: tanda vital rutin pada pasien stabil
3.Pengendalian infeksi & keselamatan pasienSedang
A patient receiving continuous nasogastric feeding has pulled the tube partly out. What should the nurse do first?
- APush the tube back in and restart the feed
- BStop the feeding until the tube position is checked
- CTape the tube in its new position and continue
- DIncrease the feed rate to make up for the lost time
4.Pengendalian infeksi & keselamatan pasienSulit
A patient’s WBC is 4,000/mm3, with 30% neutrophils and 5% bands. What is the absolute neutrophil count (ANC)?
- A1,400/mm3
- B140/mm3
- C1,200/mm3
- D3,500/mm3
5.Nilai laboratorium & elektrolitSedang
Seorang pasien yang mengonsumsi fenitoin memiliki kadar 28 mcg/mL (rentang biasa sekitar 10–20 mcg/mL). Temuan mana yang diharapkan perawat?
- ANistagmus, gaya berjalan tidak stabil, dan bicara pelo
- BRasa lapar dan kenaikan berat badan
- CPerilaku hiperaktif dan insomnia saja
- DGelombang T tinggi dan runcing
6.Nilai laboratorium & elektrolitSulit
A patient with cirrhosis and ascites has fever and abdominal tenderness. The ascitic fluid neutrophil count is 400 cells/mm³. What does this indicate?
- ANormal ascitic fluid in cirrhosis
- BBleeding into the abdominal cavity
- CMalignant ascites from cancer
- DSpontaneous bacterial peritonitis
7.Keperawatan klinisSedang
Seorang pasien gagal jantung memiliki sputum merah muda berbusa dan ronki di seluruh kedua paru. Apa yang terjadi?
- APneumotoraks
- BPerdarahan saluran cerna atas
- CSerangan asma
- DEdema paru akut
8.Keperawatan klinisSulit
Why is a patient kept under observation for several hours after successful treatment of anaphylaxis?
- AAdrenaline always causes a heart attack hours later
- BAntihistamines cause dangerous drowsiness for 24 hours
- CThe patient must stay until all allergy tests are complete
- DSymptoms can return later in a biphasic reaction
9.Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasiSedang
A patient with angle-closure glaucoma needs nebulised ipratropium. What precaution is sensible?
- ARun it at the highest possible gas flow
- BGive it only with the patient lying completely flat
- CUse a mouthpiece or protect the eyes from the mist
- DMix it with an eye drop before putting it in the nebuliser
10.Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasiSulit
Seorang pasien asma memiliki arus puncak 40% dari terbaiknya, laju napas 28/menit, dan tidak dapat menyelesaikan kalimat. SpO₂ 94%. Bagaimana serangan ini diklasifikasikan?
- AAsma yang mengancam jiwa
- BAsma berat akut
- CEksaserbasi asma sedang
- DAsma yang nyaris fatal
11.Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjalSedang
Why should long-term steroid treatment not be stopped suddenly?
- AThe steroids build up and become toxic after they are stopped
- BStopping suddenly makes the bones grow too quickly and then fracture
- CStopping causes the blood glucose to fall sharply
- DThe suppressed adrenal glands cannot make enough cortisol at once
12.Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjalSulit
Why may HbA1c be unreliable in a patient with haemolytic anaemia or a recent large blood transfusion?
- AAnaemia always makes the HbA1c very high
- BIt depends on how long red blood cells survive in the blood
- CThe test only measures the glucose in the plasma, not in the cells
- DBlood transfusions contain large amounts of glucose
13.Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologiSedang
A patient had an upper GI endoscopy with a local anaesthetic throat spray. What must the nurse check before giving a drink?
- AThat bowel sounds are present in all four quadrants
- BThat swallowing and the gag reflex have returned
- CThat the patient has passed urine since the procedure
- DThat the patient's blood glucose is above normal
14.Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologiSulit
An immobile patient on opioids drinks very little. Which laxative choice is least appropriate?
- AA stool softener with a stimulant laxative
- BA stimulant laxative taken regularly
- CA bulk-forming laxative used on its own
- DAn osmotic laxative such as a macrogol