Lembar kerja Keperawatan klinis dengan jawaban

Temuan mana yang khas untuk infeksi saluran kemih?

1. ATelinga berdenging
2. BBengkak pada kedua pergelangan kaki dan tungkai bawah
3. CTinja hitam
4. DRasa terbakar saat berkemih dan sering berkemih

Berapa target saturasi oksigen (SpO₂) yang lazim bagi sebagian besar orang dewasa sakit akut tanpa risiko hiperkapnia?

1. A88–92% untuk semua orang
2. B100% setiap saat
3. C94–98%
4. D80–84%

How is body mass index (BMI) calculated?

1. AWeight in kilograms multiplied by height in metres
2. BWeight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared
3. CHeight in metres divided by weight in kilograms, then squared
4. DWaist size divided by hip size

Why is lactulose given to a patient with hepatic encephalopathy?

1. ATo reduce the absorption of ammonia from the gut
2. BTo stop bleeding from varices
3. CTo increase the liver's production of albumin
4. DTo lower the blood glucose

Which side effect is common when a patient starts taking metformin?

1. ANausea, abdominal discomfort or diarrhoea
2. BRapid weight gain
3. CHypoglycaemia in most patients who take it
4. DSevere headache

How does ulcerative colitis differ from Crohn's disease?

1. AUlcerative colitis typically causes patchy "skip" lesions
2. BUlcerative colitis always affects the full thickness of the bowel wall
3. CUlcerative colitis can affect any part of the gut from mouth to anus
4. DUlcerative colitis affects only the colon, continuously from the rectum

A potassium result of 6,9 mmol/L comes back on a well patient with a normal ECG, and the laboratory reports that the sample was haemolysed. What is the best action?

1. ARepeat the blood test promptly, as haemolysis can falsely raise potassium
2. BIgnore the result because the patient looks well and the ECG is normal
3. CGive IV insulin and glucose straight away
4. DStart a potassium supplement

A patient two days after abdominal surgery coughs and says something "gave way". The wound has opened and bowel is visible. What should the nurse do first?

1. ACover the wound with sterile, saline-moistened dressings and get urgent surgical help
2. BSit the patient fully upright and offer a hot drink
3. CGently push the bowel back into the abdomen and tape the wound edges firmly closed
4. DApply dry gauze tightly and ask the patient to keep coughing