Lembar kerja Nilai laboratorium & elektrolit dengan jawaban

Which drug commonly causes a low serum potassium?

1. ALisinopril
2. BAmiloride
3. CSpironolactone
4. DFurosemide

A patient on warfarin asks what an INR of 2,0 means. Which explanation is best?

1. AYour blood clots about twice as fast as is normal
2. BYour warfarin dose is twice what it should be
3. CYour blood takes about twice as long as normal to clot
4. DYou have twice the normal number of platelets

A patient who has not eaten for 2 days has ketones in the urine. What is the most likely reason?

1. AThe kidneys are leaking protein
2. BThe bladder has a bacterial infection
3. CThe body is burning fat for energy
4. DThe liver is making too much glucose

A tired patient with heavy menstrual periods has a normal hemoglobin and MCV but a ferritin of 8 ng/mL. What does this show?

1. AVitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia
2. BA completely normal iron status
3. CIron overload from too much iron
4. DIron deficiency without anemia yet

The heparin infusion rate was changed according to protocol. When is the aPTT usually rechecked?

1. AAbout 6 hours after the change
2. BAbout 30 minutes after the change
3. COnly after the infusion is stopped
4. DAbout 3 days after the change

Two sets of blood cultures are ordered for a patient with suspected sepsis. How are they best collected?

1. AFrom the existing IV line while the infusion continues to run
2. BBoth from the same site, one minute apart, to save time for the patient
3. CFrom two separate venipuncture sites, using strict aseptic technique
4. DAfter the first antibiotic dose, so the infusion is not delayed

Seorang pasien hiponatremia kronis (natrium 118 mEq/L) sedang diterapi. Mengapa natrium harus dinaikkan perlahan?

1. AKoreksi cepat membuat natrium turun lagi lebih jauh
2. BKoreksi cepat menyebabkan hipokalemia, yang merupakan satu-satunya risiko
3. CKoreksi lambat diperlukan hanya untuk mengurangi biaya rumah sakit
4. DDapat menyebabkan demielinisasi osmotik, cedera otak yang serius

Setelah operasi, seorang pasien yang menerima cairan IV hipotonik dalam volume besar mengalami sakit kepala, mual, dan kebingungan. Hasil mana yang paling menjelaskan hal ini?

1. AGlukosa 110 mg/dL (6,1 mmol/L)
2. BNatrium 126 mEq/L
3. CKalsium 9,4 mg/dL (2,35 mmol/L)
4. DKalium 4,2 mEq/L