Lembar kerja Nilai laboratorium & elektrolit dengan jawaban

Why can bilirubin appear in the urine in obstructive jaundice but not in hemolytic jaundice?

1. AHemolysis stops the kidneys making any urine at all
2. BUnconjugated bilirubin is broken down in the bladder
3. COnly conjugated bilirubin is water soluble and filtered
4. DThe kidneys are always damaged in obstructive jaundice

A raised alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is most typical of:

1. ALow production of hormone by the thyroid gland
2. BAcute damage to the heart muscle
3. CBlocked bile flow or increased bone turnover
4. DInflammation of the lining of the urinary bladder

The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test is used mainly in relation to which organ?

1. AProstate gland
2. BPancreas
3. CThyroid gland
4. DPituitary gland

A blood sample drawn just after a patient ate a fatty meal is reported as "lipemic." What does this mean for the results?

1. AHigh fat in the sample may interfere with some test results
2. BThe sample was contaminated by an IV fluid with dextrose
3. CThe sample shows the patient has diabetic ketoacidosis
4. DThe results are more accurate than in a fasting sample

Which blood collection practice helps prevent hemolysis of the sample?

1. ALeaving the tourniquet on for at least 3 minutes
2. BForcing blood quickly through a needle into the tube
3. CGently inverting the tubes instead of shaking them
4. DUsing the smallest needle available for every patient

Which instruction is correct for a patient taking an oral potassium chloride supplement?

1. AUse a salt substitute as well, so less of the tablet is needed each day
2. BTake it on an empty stomach with only a small sip of water to speed absorption
3. CCrush the extended-release tablets and mix them with a little water if needed
4. DTake it with food and a full glass of water, and do not crush extended-release tablets

A patient on IV gentamicin has a trough level above the target, and the creatinine has risen since yesterday. The next dose is due. What is the best action?

1. AGive the dose with extra oral fluids to protect the kidneys
2. BHold the dose and report the results to the prescriber
3. CGive half of the dose and document the reason for it
4. DGive the dose now and recheck the levels next week

A patient has macrocytic anemia with low vitamin B₁₂ and antibodies to intrinsic factor. What does this suggest, and how is it usually treated?

1. AHemolytic anemia, treated with blood transfusion
2. BPernicious anemia, treated with B₁₂ injections
3. CFolate deficiency, treated with folic acid only
4. DIron deficiency, treated with oral iron tablets