Lembar kerja Nilai laboratorium & elektrolit dengan jawaban

What is a typical reference range for the prothrombin time (PT) in a person not taking anticoagulants?

1. AAbout 11–13,5 seconds
2. BAbout 3–5 minutes
3. CAbout 2–4 seconds
4. DAbout 60–90 seconds

A positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) test means:

1. AThe person has never met the virus
2. BThe person had hepatitis A in the past
3. CThe person currently has hepatitis B infection
4. DThe person is immune from vaccination only

Where does most of the ammonia in the blood come from, and which organ removes it?

1. ARed cell breakdown in the spleen; removed by the skin
2. BProtein breakdown by gut bacteria; removed by the liver
3. CFat breakdown in adipose tissue; removed by the lungs
4. DGlucose breakdown in muscle; removed by the pancreas

A patient has a calcium of 7,0 mg/dL (1,75 mmol/L) and tingling around the mouth. Which nursing measure is most appropriate?

1. ALimit dairy products until the level falls again
2. BEncourage 3 L of fluid per day to dilute the calcium
3. CPut seizure precautions in place and report the result
4. DPromote walking to move calcium back into the bone

A healthy patient's result is slightly outside the laboratory reference range, and all other results are normal. Which statement best explains why this can happen?

1. ARanges cover about 95% of healthy people, so some fall outside
2. BAny result outside the range always means disease is present
3. CReference ranges include every healthy person without exception
4. DReference ranges are the same in every laboratory worldwide

Terapi mana yang menurunkan kalium serum dengan memindahkannya ke dalam sel?

1. AKalsium glukonat IV yang diberikan selama 10 menit
2. BInfus natrium klorida 0,45% IV
3. CSuplemen kalium klorida oral
4. DInsulin reguler IV yang diberikan bersama glukosa

A stable patient's hemoglobin has been 13–14 g/dL for days. Today's result is 8,2 g/dL, but the patient feels well, the vital signs are normal and there is no bleeding. What should the nurse suspect first?

1. AA sample taken from the wrong patient
2. BSudden massive internal bleeding
3. CAcute bone marrow failure overnight
4. DA normal day-to-day variation in Hb

A patient taking isoniazid for latent TB reports nausea, loss of appetite and dark urine. The ALT is five times the upper limit of normal. What is the best action?

1. AReassure the patient that dark urine is a harmless drug effect
2. BContinue the isoniazid and give it with food to settle the stomach
3. CDouble the dose to finish the treatment course more quickly
4. DHold the isoniazid and report the findings to the prescriber at once