Lembar kerja Nilai laboratorium & elektrolit dengan jawaban

What is a typical adult reference range for serum chloride?

1. AAbout 135–145 mEq/L
2. BAbout 22–28 mEq/L
3. CAbout 3,5–5,0 mEq/L
4. DAbout 98–106 mEq/L

A raised eosinophil count is most typical of:

1. AAcute bacterial pneumonia and sepsis
2. BAcute blood loss after trauma
3. CViral infections such as glandular fever
4. DAllergic conditions and parasitic infections

A raised procalcitonin level most strongly suggests:

1. AAn allergic reaction
2. BIron-deficiency anemia
3. CA bacterial infection
4. DA viral common cold

A patient taking empagliflozin (an SGLT2 inhibitor) has glucose in the urine but a normal blood glucose. What is the best interpretation?

1. AUncontrolled diabetes needing insulin
2. BAn expected effect of the drug
3. CA urinary tract infection
4. DA sign of kidney failure

A patient with a potassium of 2,8 mEq/L has potassium chloride prescribed IV. Which statement about giving it is correct?

1. AIt is always diluted and given by infusion pump, never as an IV push
2. BIt is added to the IV bag without mixing, so it stays at the bottom
3. CIt may be given as a slow IV push over one minute if the level is very low
4. DIt is given as an undiluted bolus into a large vein to avoid irritation

A young adult with new diabetes has a very low C-peptide level. What does this suggest?

1. AThe pancreas is making very little insulin, as in type 1 diabetes
2. BThe kidneys are excreting all of the patient's insulin in urine
3. CThe patient is injecting too much insulin and needs a lower dose
4. DThe patient has high insulin resistance, as in type 2 diabetes

The nurse prepares a patient for a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test tomorrow morning. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll fast overnight but can drink plain water"
2. B"I'll stay seated during the test if I can"
3. C"I can have a light breakfast before the test"
4. D"I'll avoid smoking until the test is over"

A patient has a sodium of 150 mEq/L, a glucose of 180 mg/dL and a BUN of 28 mg/dL. Using the formula 2 × Na + glucose/18 + BUN/2,8, what is the calculated serum osmolality?

1. AAbout 300 mOsm/kg, which is normal
2. BAbout 358 mOsm/kg, which is high
3. CAbout 320 mOsm/kg, which is high
4. DAbout 285 mOsm/kg, which is normal