Lembar kerja Nilai laboratorium & elektrolit dengan jawaban

A urine dipstick is positive for nitrites. What does this most likely show?

1. AKetones produced from fat breakdown in fasting
2. BBacteria in the urine that convert nitrate to nitrite
3. CRed blood cells leaking from the glomeruli
4. DGlucose spilling into the urine from high blood levels

Which condition commonly causes a high serum potassium?

1. ALoop diuretic use
2. BKidney failure
3. CSevere diarrhea
4. DRepeated vomiting

Where is urea, measured as blood urea nitrogen (BUN), made?

1. AIn the kidneys, from the breakdown of glucose
2. BIn the muscles, from the breakdown of creatine
3. CIn the liver, from the breakdown of protein
4. DIn the bone marrow, from old red blood cells

A patient has taken a proton pump inhibitor (such as omeprazole) for many years and now has muscle cramps and tremor. Which electrolyte is most likely to be low?

1. AChloride
2. BPhosphate
3. CMagnesium
4. DSodium

A patient with an upper gastrointestinal bleed has a BUN of 48 mg/dL (urea 17 mmol/L) and a normal creatinine. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AThe kidneys have suddenly lost most of their function
2. BSkeletal muscle is breaking down because of the blood loss
3. CDigested blood adds protein, which the liver turns into urea
4. DThe liver has stopped making urea because of the bleeding

Laboratorium menelepon bangsal dengan hasil kalium kritis 6,9 mEq/L. Apa yang harus dilakukan perawat?

1. AMenunggu laporan tertulis tiba sebelum mengambil tindakan apa pun
2. BMencatat nilai dan menyerahterimakannya kepada giliran jaga berikutnya
3. CMembacakan kembali nilai, mengkaji pasien, dan memberi tahu penyedia layanan
4. DMeminta laboratorium mengulang tes sebelum memberi tahu siapa pun

A patient with C. difficile diarrhea has a white cell count of 24 × 10³/µL and a creatinine that has risen to 2,1 mg/dL (186 µmol/L). What does this indicate?

1. AUnrelated chronic kidney disease
2. BSuccessful response to treatment
3. CMild infection needing no treatment
4. DSevere C. difficile infection

Two days after bowel surgery, a patient with nasogastric suction has a distended abdomen, absent bowel sounds and muscle weakness. The potassium is 2,8 mEq/L. Which interpretation is best?

1. AHypokalemia from gastric losses is contributing to paralytic ileus
2. BThe low potassium is due to the patient drinking too much water
3. CThe potassium is normal for the second day after surgery
4. DHyperkalemia from tissue damage is causing the bowel to stop