Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

What does "myocardial infarction" mean?

1. ATemporary chest pain with no muscle damage
2. BInfection of the heart valves
3. CDeath of heart muscle caused by a blocked blood supply
4. DInflammation of the membrane that surrounds the heart

Elektrolit mana yang umumnya diturunkan oleh diuretik loop seperti furosemid?

1. AFosfat
2. BZat besi
3. CBikarbonat
4. DKalium

Which chamber of the heart pumps blood into the aorta?

1. AThe left ventricle
2. BThe right ventricle
3. CThe right atrium
4. DThe left atrium

After a prescribed IV fluid bolus for hypotension, what should the nurse do next?

1. AStart a second fluid bolus straight away without checking anything
2. BStop all monitoring if the patient says they feel better
3. CReassess heart rate, blood pressure, urine output and lung sounds
4. DWait until the next routine observations in four hours

What is the main problem in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction?

1. AA dilated ventricle that cannot contract strongly
2. BA leaking aortic valve
3. CA stiff ventricle that fills poorly in diastole
4. DA blocked pulmonary artery

Mengapa pasien PPOK berat dianjurkan makan dalam porsi kecil tetapi sering?

1. AMakan besar menyebabkan saluran napas menyempit permanen
2. BLambung penuh membatasi diafragma dan makan melelahkan
3. CMakan sering mencegah infeksi dada secara langsung
4. DMakan kecil mengurangi seberapa sering inhaler diperlukan

A patient with asthma needs their reliever every three hours and their peak flow is falling well below their personal best. What does their action plan most likely advise?

1. AStop the preventer inhaler for a few days to rest the lungs
2. BWait two weeks to see whether it improves without any change
3. CFollow the worsening-asthma steps and get a same-day review
4. DDo extra exercise to open the airways

Four surgical patients need VTE prevention. For which patient is mechanical prophylaxis alone most appropriate?

1. AA patient who had a brain haemorrhage two days ago
2. BA patient with cancer having bowel surgery
3. CA patient after an uncomplicated knee replacement
4. DAn obese patient after hip surgery