Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

Setelah infark miokard, kira-kira berapa lama kadar troponin dapat tetap meningkat?

1. AHanya selama 2 jam pertama
2. BHingga sekitar 10–14 hari
3. CSekitar 6 bulan
4. DHanya sampai nyeri dada berhenti

Which cardiac arrest rhythms are shockable?

1. AVentricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia
2. BAsystole and pulseless electrical activity with a slow rate
3. CAtrial fibrillation and atrial flutter
4. DSinus rhythm and sinus tachycardia with a normal pulse

In hospital, how is oxygen therapy treated?

1. AAs a comfort measure that needs no prescription or monitoring
2. BAs a treatment kept only for patients who are near the end of life
3. CAs a treatment that patients adjust themselves
4. DAs a medicine that needs a prescription with a target range

Why does a large, rapidly forming pericardial effusion lower the blood pressure?

1. AIt makes the heart muscle contract too strongly and too fast
2. BIt causes the aortic valve to leak backwards into the ventricle
3. CIt compresses the heart and stops the ventricles filling
4. DIt dilates the arteries throughout the body

A nurse measures blood pressure on a large upper arm using a cuff that is too small. What effect will this have?

1. AThe reading will be falsely low
2. BThe reading will be falsely high
3. COnly the pulse rate will be affected
4. DThe reading will be accurate but slower

A patient has chest pain at rest in the early morning with brief ST elevation that resolves. Coronary arteries are later found to be clear. Which condition is most likely?

1. AVasospastic (Prinzmetal) angina
2. BAcute pericarditis
3. CStable exertional angina from a fixed plaque
4. DAortic stenosis

After six weeks of treatment for tuberculosis, a patient has nausea, dark urine and yellow eyes. What should the nurse do?

1. AReassure the patient that the urine colour is due to rifampicin
2. BDouble the isoniazid dose to clear the infection faster
3. CAdvise taking the tablets with an alcoholic drink to settle the stomach
4. DWithhold the next doses and report urgently for liver tests

A patient with stable severe COPD has a blood gas showing pH 7,37, a raised PaCO₂ and a raised bicarbonate. How should this be interpreted?

1. ARespiratory alkalosis from hyperventilation
2. BChronic respiratory acidosis with metabolic compensation
3. CA normal blood gas with no abnormality
4. DAcute respiratory acidosis needing emergency intubation