Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

Together with fever, which finding should raise suspicion of infective endocarditis?

1. AA new heart murmur
2. BA slow heart rate
3. CA dry, tickly cough
4. DPain in one calf

What does a nebuliser do?

1. AIt warms and filters the air entering a tracheostomy tube
2. BIt measures the level of oxygen in the blood through the skin
3. CIt turns a liquid medicine into a fine mist to breathe in
4. DIt sucks secretions out of the airway

Which side effect of ethambutol should patients report straight away?

1. ANumbness and tingling of the feet and hands
2. BOrange-red colouring of the urine and tears
3. CA painful, red and swollen big toe joint
4. DBlurred vision or changes in colour vision

A patient stops ramipril because of a troublesome dry cough. Which drug class is a common alternative?

1. AA nitrate such as isosorbide mononitrate
2. BA loop diuretic such as furosemide
3. CA non-selective beta-blocker such as propranolol
4. DAn angiotensin II receptor blocker such as losartan

Apa yang dimaksud dengan fraksi ejeksi?

1. AVolume darah yang dipompa keluar pada setiap denyut jantung
2. BPersentase darah ventrikel yang dipompa keluar pada setiap denyut
3. CTekanan di ventrikel kiri pada akhir pengisian diastolik
4. DVolume darah yang dipompa jantung setiap menit

Septic shock belongs to which category of shock?

1. AHypovolaemic shock
2. BDistributive shock
3. CObstructive shock
4. DCardiogenic shock

Which instruction from the registered nurse to a healthcare assistant (unlicensed assistive personnel) caring for a patient with COPD is most appropriate?

1. A"Listen to his chest after lunch and let me know what you can hear."
2. B"Teach him how to use his new inhaler this afternoon after his rest."
3. C"Turn his oxygen up to whatever he needs if he looks short of breath."
4. D"Tell me straight away if his SpO₂ is under 88% or he is more breathless."

A patient with a confirmed type A aortic dissection is hypertensive and tachycardic while awaiting surgery. Which drug class is usually given first to lower the heart rate and blood pressure?

1. AAn intravenous beta-blocker
2. BAn intravenous thrombolytic
3. CAn intravenous fluid bolus
4. DOral aspirin