Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

When is pneumonia classed as hospital-acquired?

1. AOnly when it is caused by a virus
2. BWhen it starts within the first hour after admission
3. CWhen it starts 48 hours or more after admission
4. DWhen the patient had symptoms before admission

Elektrolit mana yang umumnya diturunkan oleh diuretik loop seperti furosemid?

1. AZat besi
2. BBikarbonat
3. CFosfat
4. DKalium

Which organism causes tuberculosis?

1. AMycobacterium tuberculosis
2. BPseudomonas aeruginosa
3. CStaphylococcus aureus
4. DCorynebacterium diphtheriae

A patient uses a salbutamol (albuterol) inhaler and a steroid inhaler at the same times each day. Which order is usually taught?

1. ABoth inhalers puffed together in one breath
2. BSteroid first, then salbutamol straight afterwards
3. CThe order makes no difference to either drug
4. DSalbutamol first, then the steroid after a short wait

How can a patient reduce wound pain when coughing after abdominal surgery?

1. AHold a pillow firmly against the wound while coughing
2. BHold the breath for as long as possible
3. CLie flat on the back with the legs straight
4. DAvoid coughing completely until all the stitches are removed

Seorang pasien dengan stroke baru dan kesulitan menelan mengalami demam dan krepitasi lobus bawah kanan. Apa penyebab yang paling mungkin?

1. APneumonia aspirasi
2. BGagal ventrikel kiri
3. CAsma akut
4. DEmboli paru

Seorang pasien yang menjalani pemasangan stent koroner setelah NSTEMI bertanya mengapa ia mengonsumsi dua obat antiplatelet. Jawaban mana yang paling akurat?

1. ADua jalur dihambat, melindungi stent, tetapi risiko perdarahan meningkat
2. BKedua obat menurunkan kolesterol sehingga sumbatan baru tidak dapat terbentuk
3. CObat kedua melindungi lapisan lambung dari aspirin
4. DObat kedua melarutkan bekuan yang menyebabkan serangan jantung semula

On day 2 after a surgical tracheostomy, the tube falls out. The patient is breathing but distressed. What should the nurse do first?

1. ACall for expert help and give oxygen to both the face and the stoma
2. BForce the tube back through the stoma immediately with firm pressure
3. CCover the stoma completely with a sealed dressing and wait for help
4. DLeave the patient alone while fetching a new tube