Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

What is the normal range for arterial blood pH?

1. A7,35–7,45
2. B7,50–7,65
3. C6,80–7,00
4. D7,00–7,20

Which side effect is typical of ACE inhibitors such as ramipril or lisinopril?

1. ASwelling of both ankles
2. BA persistent dry cough
3. CA productive cough with green sputum
4. DA fast, irregular heart rate

What is the normal duration of the QRS complex on an adult ECG?

1. ALess than 0,12 seconds
2. BExactly 1 second
3. CMore than 0,50 seconds
4. DBetween 0,20 and 0,40 seconds

During an episode of chest pain, a patient's ECG shows new horizontal ST depression. What does this most likely indicate?

1. AHyperkalaemia
2. BMyocardial ischaemia
3. CA normal finding during pain
4. DPericarditis

What is the purpose of cardiac resynchronisation therapy (a biventricular pacemaker)?

1. ATo make both ventricles contract together and more efficiently
2. BTo slow the atrial rate in patients with atrial fibrillation
3. CTo replace a damaged heart valve
4. DTo deliver a shock whenever the heart rate exceeds 100/min

What is the main problem in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction?

1. AA dilated ventricle that cannot contract strongly
2. BA leaking aortic valve
3. CA blocked pulmonary artery
4. DA stiff ventricle that fills poorly in diastole

A nurse receives handover on four patients. Which patient should be seen first?

1. AA patient on day 1 after surgery who is newly restless, RR 30/min, SpO₂ 88% on 4 L/min
2. BA patient with pneumonia on IV antibiotics who now has a temperature of 38,2 °C
3. CA patient with COPD on 1 L/min whose SpO₂ has been 89% and stable throughout the night
4. DA patient with asthma who wants a reliever inhaler before a walk

A patient receiving weeks of IV antibiotics through a PICC line in the left arm develops swelling and aching of that arm and neck veins that look fuller on the left. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AAn expected effect of the antibiotic
2. BA local skin allergy to the dressing
3. CLymphoedema from lying in bed
4. DA catheter-related deep vein thrombosis