Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

Which drug reverses the effect of unfractionated heparin?

1. ANaloxone
2. BProtamine sulfate
3. CVitamin K (phytomenadione)
4. DFlumazenil

Which chest X-ray finding is classic for sarcoidosis?

1. AEnlarged lymph nodes at both lung hila
2. BA visible edge of collapsed lung
3. CA single round mass in one apex
4. DA completely white lung on one side

Which precautions are needed for a patient with suspected infectious pulmonary tuberculosis?

1. AAirborne precautions with a respirator mask
2. BContact precautions with gloves only
3. CProtective isolation for the patient's own sake
4. DStandard precautions only

Why is a shock for cardioversion synchronised with the QRS complex?

1. ATo keep the pads from burning the skin
2. BTo make the shock less painful for the patient
3. CTo allow the use of a lower battery charge
4. DTo avoid delivering the shock during the T wave

How is the jugular venous pressure usually assessed?

1. APatient standing with the neck flexed forward
2. BPatient sitting upright with the arms raised above the head
3. CPatient reclined at 45° with the head turned slightly to the left
4. DPatient lying completely flat with the head turned to the right

Which investigation is usually used to confirm a deep vein thrombosis in the leg?

1. AAn exercise ECG
2. BA plain chest X-ray and an ECG
3. CCompression duplex ultrasound
4. DA lung function test

Two days after a coronary stent, a patient on aspirin and ticagrelor has black, tarry stools and feels faint on standing. What should the nurse do?

1. AStop both antiplatelet drugs permanently on the nurse's own decision
2. BReassure the patient that iron tablets cause black stools
3. CCheck vital signs, report urgently and anticipate a blood count
4. DGive a laxative and repeat the observations tomorrow

A heavy smoker is having surgery tomorrow and asks whether stopping smoking now is pointless. Which reply is most accurate?

1. ASmoking before surgery protects the lungs from the anaesthetic gases
2. BStopping even today lowers carbon monoxide levels before surgery
3. CStopping now will make the operation more dangerous
4. DIt is pointless unless they stopped smoking at least a year ago