Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

Which side effect is typical of an inhaled long-acting antimuscarinic such as tiotropium?

1. ADiarrhoea
2. BDry mouth
3. COral thrush
4. DWeight gain

Which examination findings are typical of a large pleural effusion?

1. ADullness to percussion and reduced breath sounds
2. BNormal percussion and bronchial breathing
3. CCoarse crackles that clear on coughing
4. DHyper-resonance and a loud wheeze over the affected side

What is the normal resting respiratory rate for an adult?

1. A30–40 breaths per minute
2. B24–30 breaths per minute
3. C12–20 breaths per minute
4. D6–10 breaths per minute

Why is active tuberculosis treated with several drugs for at least six months?

1. ATo reduce the number of side effects compared with one drug
2. BBecause each drug works on a different organ only
3. CBecause the bacteria are resistant to all drugs at first
4. DTo kill slow-growing bacteria and prevent drug resistance

Which exercise advice is recommended for intermittent claudication?

1. AWalking only on days when the legs feel warm and painless
2. BSupervised walking until pain is near maximal, then rest and repeat
3. CComplete bed rest until the leg pain has gone for at least a month
4. DStopping walking at the very first twinge of pain each time

A patient on theophylline develops nausea, vomiting, a fast heart rate and restlessness. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AAn expected sign that the drug is working
2. BTheophylline toxicity
3. CHypoglycaemia caused by the drug
4. DA theophylline allergy causing a rash

Twelve hours after a coronary stent, a patient has sudden severe chest pain again with new ST elevation in the same leads. What is the most likely cause?

1. AAcute stent thrombosis
2. BNormal pain from the procedure site
3. CPericarditis from the catheter
4. DIndigestion from the hospital meal

A frightened young woman is breathing fast and has tingling fingers. Her blood gas shows pH 7,50 and a low PaCO₂. SpO₂ is 99% on air. What does this show?

1. AMetabolic alkalosis from vomiting
2. BRespiratory acidosis from hypoventilation
3. CMetabolic acidosis from kidney failure
4. DRespiratory alkalosis from hyperventilation