Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

Apa peran utama obat antikoagulan seperti heparin atau apiksaban?

1. AMencegah bekuan baru dan menghentikan bekuan yang ada membesar
2. BMeningkatkan jumlah trombosit setelah operasi atau perdarahan
3. CMelarutkan bekuan yang ada sepenuhnya dalam beberapa menit
4. DMenghentikan trombosit saling menempel

Which description best fits asthma?

1. AScarring of the lung tissue that makes the lungs stiff and small
2. BAirway inflammation with variable, reversible airflow obstruction
3. CPermanent destruction of the alveolar walls caused by smoking
4. DA bacterial infection of the alveoli

In hospital, how is oxygen therapy treated?

1. AAs a comfort measure that needs no prescription or monitoring
2. BAs a treatment kept only for patients who are near the end of life
3. CAs a medicine that needs a prescription with a target range
4. DAs a treatment that patients adjust themselves

A patient with a long QT interval develops a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia that twists around the baseline but still has a pulse. Which drug is used first?

1. AIntravenous magnesium sulfate
2. BIntravenous adenosine
3. CIntravenous potassium chloride as a bolus
4. DOral digoxin

Why is a raised serum lactate concerning in a patient with shock?

1. AIt shows only that the patient has eaten a large meal in the past hour
2. BIt means the kidneys are working harder than normal to clear fluid
3. CIt suggests tissues are short of oxygen and using anaerobic metabolism
4. DIt confirms a bacterial infection is present

Seorang pasien yang mengonsumsi warfarin mulai makan salad bayam dan kale dalam jumlah besar setiap hari. Apa kekhawatiran utamanya?

1. ASayuran hijau merusak hati pada pengguna warfarin
2. BVitamin K tambahan dapat menurunkan INR
3. CTidak ada interaksi antara makanan dan warfarin
4. DVitamin K tambahan dapat meningkatkan INR

Seorang pasien fibrilasi atrium memiliki denyut jantung 165/menit, TD 78/45 mmHg, nyeri dada, dan kebingungan baru. Pengobatan apa yang harus diantisipasi perawat?

1. AKardioversi listrik tersinkronisasi segera
2. BBisoprolol oral dan kontrol besok pagi
3. CDefibrilasi tak tersinkronisasi seperti pada henti jantung
4. DAtropin IV untuk memperbaiki tekanan darah

A patient with squamous cell lung cancer becomes confused, thirsty and constipated, with abdominal pain. Which electrolyte disturbance is most likely?

1. AHypokalaemia
2. BHyponatraemia
3. CHypercalcaemia
4. DHypomagnesaemia