Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

What is pitting oedema?

1. ASwelling that keeps a dent for a while after firm pressure
2. BSwelling that is hard and does not dent at all when pressed
3. CA small sore that forms on the shin
4. DRedness of the skin that turns white when it is pressed

What is a pneumothorax?

1. AInflammation of the lung tissue caused by infection
2. BPus collecting in the pleural space
3. CFluid in the alveoli caused by heart failure
4. DAir in the pleural space causing the lung to collapse

Which type of leg ulcer is most common?

1. AMalignant ulcers
2. BArterial ulcers
3. CVenous ulcers
4. DUlcers from spider bites

Mengapa selang drainase dada umumnya tidak boleh diklem?

1. AKlem menyebabkan air di segel menguap
2. BUdara yang terperangkap dapat menumpuk dan menyebabkan pneumotoraks tension
3. CKlem membuat cairan keluar dari dada terlalu cepat
4. DKlem melemahkan dan meretakkan selang secara permanen

Kumpulan efek samping mana yang khas untuk diuretik tiazid atau serupa tiazid seperti indapamid?

1. ANatrium dan magnesium tinggi, dengan glukosa darah rendah
2. BBatuk kering, gangguan pengecapan, dan pembengkakan bibir
3. CKalium dan natrium rendah, asam urat tinggi, dan glukosa tinggi
4. DKalium dan natrium tinggi, asam urat rendah, dan glukosa darah rendah

A patient is starting long-term amiodarone. Which teaching and monitoring are most important?

1. AEat extra salt and stop the drug as soon as the pulse is regular
2. BExpect orange urine and no need for blood tests
3. CAvoid dairy products and have the INR checked once at the start
4. DProtect skin from sunlight and have thyroid, liver and lung checks

Ten days after cardiac surgery, a patient has a fever, a red sternal wound with discharge and a clicking feeling in the chest when coughing. What should the nurse suspect?

1. APericarditis from the operation
2. BNormal wound healing with some expected discharge
3. CCostochondritis caused by forceful coughing
4. DSternal wound infection with an unstable sternum

A frightened young woman is breathing fast and has tingling fingers. Her blood gas shows pH 7,50 and a low PaCO₂. SpO₂ is 99% on air. What does this show?

1. ARespiratory alkalosis from hyperventilation
2. BRespiratory acidosis from hypoventilation
3. CMetabolic alkalosis from vomiting
4. DMetabolic acidosis from kidney failure