Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawaban

Which statement describes moderate ("conscious") sedation?

1. AThe patient cannot be roused by any stimulus, even a painful one
2. BThe patient is fully alert and anxious
3. CThe patient is drowsy but responds to voice or light touch
4. DThe patient needs a ventilator to breathe

What does standard H. pylori eradication therapy usually combine?

1. AA proton pump inhibitor and two antibiotics
2. BTwo NSAIDs and a stimulant laxative for one month
3. CAn antacid and a single antifungal drug
4. DA steroid and an antiviral drug

Which factor most increases the risk of Clostridioides difficile infection?

1. ARegular exercise
2. BRecent antibiotic treatment
3. CDrinking bottled water
4. DA diet high in fibre

Which presentation fits acute diverticulitis?

1. APainless jaundice with a palpable gallbladder
2. BCentral chest pain spreading to the left arm
3. CRight upper abdominal pain after fatty meals
4. DLeft lower abdominal pain, fever and a raised CRP

Why do patients with major burns lose so much fluid in the first 24–48 hours?

1. AThe burned skin absorbs fluid from the air
2. BLeaky capillaries let plasma move into the tissues
3. CPatients drink far too little in hospital in the first days
4. DThe kidneys stop making urine completely

Seorang pasien perdarahan saluran cerna atas akut memiliki hemoglobin normal saat tiba. Mengapa hal ini dapat menyesatkan?

1. AHemoglobin baru turun setelah seminggu penuh perdarahan terus-menerus
2. BHemoglobin turun hanya setelah pergeseran cairan atau cairan IV mengencerkan darah
3. CHemoglobin selalu naik pada awalnya setelah kehilangan darah apa pun
4. DHemoglobin tidak terpengaruh oleh perdarahan dari usus

Which preoperative task can a registered nurse usually delegate to a healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?

1. AAssessing the patient's understanding of the surgery
2. BDeciding whether abnormal results need reporting
3. CTeaching the patient how to use a PCA pump
4. DRecording baseline vital signs

A nurse teaches a patient after a colonoscopy with polyp removal. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"Severe abdominal pain is normal for a week afterwards."
2. B"I'll report heavy bleeding from my bottom."
3. C"I should report a fever or a swollen, painful abdomen."
4. D"Some wind and bloating today is expected."