Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawaban

What is metastasis?

1. AThe first appearance of a tumour in a single organ of the body
2. BShrinking of a tumour after treatment
3. CSpread of cancer cells to a distant part of the body
4. DHealing of tissue after a biopsy

At which stage of the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist does the team confirm the patient, site and procedure just before the skin incision?

1. ASign Out
2. BTime Out
3. CSign In
4. DHandover

Apa yang dimaksud dengan pemulihan yang ditingkatkan setelah operasi (ERAS)?

1. AAturan bahwa pasien harus tirah baring selama tiga hari
2. BJalur perawatan yang membantu pasien pulih lebih cepat setelah operasi
3. CMetode pemberian semua obat melalui vena
4. DTeknik bedah yang menghindari kebutuhan anestesi sama sekali

Which treatment often relieves pain from a bone metastasis?

1. AIron supplements by mouth for several months
2. BA diet low in calcium and vitamin D
3. CComplete bed rest for a month
4. DPalliative radiotherapy to the area

A patient on warfarin is booked for elective surgery with a high bleeding risk. What is usual practice?

1. ASwap to aspirin on the morning of surgery
2. BDouble the dose for a week so the blood is ready for surgery
3. CStop it about 5 days before and check the INR
4. DTake the usual dose on the morning of surgery

Which liver function test pattern suggests bile duct obstruction?

1. AA low albumin with all other results normal
2. BVery high ALT with a normal bilirubin only
3. CHigh bilirubin with a markedly raised ALP and GGT
4. DNormal bilirubin with a low ALP and low GGT

Strategi cairan mana yang umumnya direkomendasikan pada jam-jam pertama pankreatitis akut?

1. ATanpa cairan IV sama sekali, hanya seteguk kecil air oral
2. BVolume sangat besar, apa pun respons pasien
3. CAlbumin IV saja sebagai pengganti kristaloid apa pun
4. DKristaloid seimbang terarah-tujuan, dipandu oleh respons

An older patient on regular opioids has small amounts of liquid stool leaking all day, but has not had a formed bowel movement for 6 days. What is the most likely cause?

1. AFaecal impaction with overflow
2. BNormal stool pattern on opioids
3. CA flare of ulcerative colitis
4. DAcute infective gastroenteritis