Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawaban

Which symptom is typical of haemorrhoids?

1. AVomiting of dark, coffee-ground material
2. BBlack, tarry stools with a strong smell
3. CBright red blood on the paper after opening the bowels
4. DYellow skin, dark urine and pale stools that float in the toilet

What does "coffee-ground" vomit usually indicate?

1. AUndigested food from several days ago
2. BBlood that has been partly digested by stomach acid
3. CA side effect of drinking strong coffee
4. DBile coming back from an obstructed small bowel

What is the basic idea of the WHO analgesic ladder?

1. AGive analgesia only when the patient asks for it
2. BStep up from non-opioids to weak, then strong, opioids as needed
3. CAlways start with the strongest opioid available and then reduce it slowly
4. DUse only one drug at a time, never in combination

Which risk is particularly linked with tramadol?

1. ARapid liver failure at normal doses
2. BSevere stomach ulcers in all patients
3. CHigh blood pressure that needs emergency treatment in most patients
4. DSerotonin syndrome with some antidepressants, and seizures

What is the most important safety point about misoprostol?

1. AIt strongly raises blood glucose in people with diabetes
2. BIt can cause miscarriage and must not be used in pregnancy
3. CIt causes severe constipation in most patients
4. DIt must be given only by deep intramuscular injection

Which nerve is at risk if the arm is poorly padded at the elbow during surgery?

1. AFacial nerve
2. BUlnar nerve
3. CSciatic nerve
4. DFemoral nerve

On day 3 after admission, a patient with alcohol dependence becomes confused, with hallucinations, sweating, tremor, fever and tachycardia. What is the most likely cause?

1. AAn allergic reaction to hospital food
2. BNormal anxiety about being in hospital
3. CHepatitis A caught on the ward
4. DDelirium tremens from alcohol withdrawal

During radiotherapy to the chest, a patient develops pain on swallowing and is eating less. What is the most likely cause and nursing focus?

1. AA heart attack; give aspirin and arrange an ECG
2. BA stomach ulcer; give an antacid after meals only
3. CNormal ageing; no action needed
4. DRadiation oesophagitis; analgesia, soft food and nutrition support