Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawaban

Which is an example of a non-drug method of pain relief?

1. AA morphine injection into the thigh
2. BRelaxation and distraction
3. CAn ibuprofen tablet with food
4. DA lidocaine patch

Which preoperative allergy must be communicated so that theatre equipment can be changed?

1. ALatex allergy
2. BHouse dust mite allergy
3. CPollen allergy
4. DCat hair allergy

Which tool helps assess pain in a person with advanced dementia who cannot report it?

1. AThe Glasgow Coma Scale, scored every hour
2. BAn observational scale such as PAINAD or Abbey
3. CA numerical rating scale from 0 to 10, read out slowly
4. DThe MUST nutrition score

Which factor can precipitate hepatic encephalopathy in a patient with cirrhosis?

1. AA low-salt diet
2. BConstipation
3. CRegular gentle walking
4. DA high fluid intake

Why is pethidine (meperidine) generally avoided for regular pain relief?

1. AIt has no pain-relieving effect at all in adults
2. BA metabolite can build up and cause seizures
3. CIt always causes severe diarrhoea
4. DIt can only be given by mouth

Which risk is particularly linked with tramadol?

1. ASevere stomach ulcers in all patients
2. BHigh blood pressure that needs emergency treatment in most patients
3. CSerotonin syndrome with some antidepressants, and seizures
4. DRapid liver failure at normal doses

A patient has a category (stage) 2 pressure ulcer on the sacrum. Which plan is most appropriate?

1. ALeave it uncovered and dry it with a hair dryer
2. BSit the patient upright in a chair for most of the day
3. COffload the area, manage moisture, support nutrition and dress it
4. DMassage around the wound every hour to stimulate blood flow to the skin

Two days after a PEG insertion, a patient reports pain on feeding, and feed is leaking around the site. What should the nurse do?

1. AContinue feeding and apply a thicker dressing
2. BStop the feed at once and seek urgent medical advice
3. CGive the next medicines through the tube as usual
4. DIncrease the feed rate to improve nutrition