Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawaban

Which signs suggest peritonitis?

1. AA small, painless lump near the umbilicus
2. BA soft abdomen with no pain on pressing
3. CLoud bowel sounds with a hungry feeling
4. DGuarding, rebound tenderness and a rigid abdomen

Where is biliary colic typically felt?

1. AIn the groin, after standing for a long time
2. BIn the lower back, after lifting something heavy
3. CIn the left lower abdomen, after passing stool
4. DIn the right upper abdomen, often after a fatty meal

Where are venous leg ulcers usually found?

1. AOn the front of the thigh
2. BOn the sole of the foot under the heel
3. CAround the inner ankle, in the gaiter area
4. DOn the tips of the toes and between the toes

Why is blood lactate measured when sepsis is suspected?

1. AIt shows which bacteria are causing the infection
2. BIt replaces the need for blood cultures
3. CA raised level suggests poor tissue perfusion
4. DIt measures the effect of antibiotics on the kidney

Which advice helps prevent dumping syndrome after gastrectomy?

1. ASmall, frequent meals low in simple sugars, with fluids between meals
2. BA high-sugar diet with fruit juice to keep energy levels up
3. CSit upright and walk briskly straight after every meal
4. DThree large meals a day with plenty of sweet drinks with each meal

Seorang pasien perdarahan saluran cerna atas akut memiliki hemoglobin normal saat tiba. Mengapa hal ini dapat menyesatkan?

1. AHemoglobin tidak terpengaruh oleh perdarahan dari usus
2. BHemoglobin selalu naik pada awalnya setelah kehilangan darah apa pun
3. CHemoglobin turun hanya setelah pergeseran cairan atau cairan IV mengencerkan darah
4. DHemoglobin baru turun setelah seminggu penuh perdarahan terus-menerus

Seorang pasien yang menggunakan opioid jangka panjang untuk nyeri kronis dirawat untuk operasi. Pernyataan mana yang benar?

1. AOpioid biasa dilanjutkan, ditambah analgesia ekstra, karena toleransi
2. BMereka membutuhkan dosis opioid pascaoperasi yang lebih rendah daripada pasien naif opioid
3. CMereka hanya boleh menerima parasetamol setelah operasi selesai
4. DSemua opioid harus dihentikan saat masuk untuk mencegah adiksi

During a nasogastric feed, a patient starts coughing and SpO₂ falls from 96% to 89%. What should the nurse do first?

1. ALay the patient flat to help them rest
2. BIncrease the feed rate to finish it sooner
3. CStop the feed and assess the airway and breathing
4. DGive a drink of water to clear the throat