Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawaban

What is healing by secondary intention?

1. AA wound that heals without any new tissue
2. BA wound closed with sutures straight after surgery
3. CA wound closed a few days after it was left open
4. DA wound left open that heals from the base upwards

Which adverse effects are linked with NSAIDs such as ibuprofen?

1. AWeight gain and high potassium only
2. BConstipation and pinpoint pupils
3. CStomach bleeding and kidney injury
4. DHair loss and low white cell count

Apa yang harus dilakukan tepat sebelum mengambil swab luka untuk kultur?

1. AMembersihkannya dengan salin untuk menyingkirkan debris permukaan
2. BMembiarkan balutan lama selama satu hari penuh lagi
3. CMengambil swab dari balutan kering itu sendiri
4. DMengoleskan antiseptik dan membiarkannya kering sepenuhnya

Seorang pasien dengan ileostomi baru memiliki keluaran sangat tinggi. Apa risiko utamanya?

1. AKonstipasi dan impaksi feses di usus di atas stoma
2. BDehidrasi dan kehilangan natrium, kalium, dan magnesium
3. CKelebihan cairan dan pembengkakan pergelangan kaki
4. DKalsium tinggi dan batu ginjal dalam beberapa hari

Which lifestyle change most improves the course of Crohn's disease?

1. AAvoiding all exercise
2. BEating more red meat
3. CStopping smoking
4. DDrinking more coffee

Which factor can precipitate hepatic encephalopathy in a patient with cirrhosis?

1. AA low-salt diet
2. BRegular gentle walking
3. CA high fluid intake
4. DConstipation

Four hours after surgery, a catheterised patient's urine output has been 10 mL/h for two hours. Vital signs are stable. What should the nurse check first?

1. AYesterday's chest X-ray and blood gas results
2. BWhether the patient wants a cup of tea
3. CThe time the patient last ate
4. DThat the catheter and tubing are not kinked or blocked

On day 3 after surgery, a patient has a temperature of 38,6 °C, respiratory rate 24/min, pulse 118/min, BP 92/58 mmHg and new confusion. What should the nurse do?

1. ARecord the observations and continue routine care
2. BEscalate urgently and start the sepsis pathway
3. CGive paracetamol and recheck in four hours
4. DEncourage oral fluids and wait for the doctor's round