Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawaban

Kapan kantong ostomi biasanya dikosongkan?

1. ASaat sepertiga hingga setengah penuh
2. BSekali sehari, pada waktu yang sama
3. CHanya bila sudah penuh sampai ke atas
4. DHanya bila mulai bocor

Why is nail varnish or a gel nail often removed from at least one finger before surgery?

1. ASo pulse oximetry readings and nail colour can be assessed accurately
2. BBecause the varnish can make the anaesthetic gas less effective
3. CBecause varnish raises the patient's blood pressure
4. DBecause it is a checklist rule with no clinical reason

What is an autograft in burn care?

1. ASkin taken from a donor who has died
2. BA synthetic dressing made in a laboratory from collagen
3. CSkin taken from a pig or other animal
4. DSkin taken from another part of the patient's own body

Which instruction is important during bowel preparation for colonoscopy?

1. ATake the preparation only if the bowels have not opened
2. BAvoid all fluids for 24 hours before the test
3. CEat a high-fibre meal the evening before the test
4. DDrink plenty of clear fluids while taking the preparation

Which long-term effect must be monitored in patients receiving anthracyclines such as doxorubicin?

1. ADamage to the heart muscle
2. BLoss of the sense of smell
3. CPermanent high blood glucose
4. DExcess growth of body hair

Why is an ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) measured before compression bandaging for a leg ulcer?

1. ATo check for a leg bone fracture
2. BTo exclude significant arterial disease
3. CTo find out how deep the ulcer is
4. DTo find the bacteria in the wound

During radiotherapy to the chest, a patient develops pain on swallowing and is eating less. What is the most likely cause and nursing focus?

1. AA stomach ulcer; give an antacid after meals only
2. BRadiation oesophagitis; analgesia, soft food and nutrition support
3. CA heart attack; give aspirin and arrange an ECG
4. DNormal ageing; no action needed

Seorang pasien kanker paru mengalami pembengkakan wajah, vena leher distensi, dan sesak napas yang memburuk saat berbaring. Kegawatan mana yang mungkin?

1. AHiperkalsemia akibat keganasan
2. BEmboli paru masif
3. CKompresi medula spinalis
4. DObstruksi vena kava superior