Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawaban

Mengapa pasien diminta berpuasa sebelum anestesi umum?

1. AUntuk menjaga kadar glukosa darah lebih tinggi dari biasanya
2. BUntuk mengurangi perdarahan selama operasi
3. CAgar usus lebih mudah terlihat pada pemindaian
4. DUntuk mengurangi risiko aspirasi isi lambung

Menurut definisi yang banyak digunakan, siapa penilai terbaik nyeri pasien?

1. APasien
2. BKeluarga
3. CPerawat
4. DDokter bedah

Pemeriksaan mana yang biasanya digunakan untuk menemukan dan mengobati sumber perdarahan saluran cerna atas?

1. AEndoskopi saluran cerna atas
2. BPemeriksaan menelan barium
3. CRontgen polos abdomen
4. DKolonoskopi usus

Which early symptoms suggest local anaesthetic systemic toxicity?

1. AMild itching of the feet the next day
2. BA red rash only at the injection site, with no other symptoms
3. CIncreased hunger and thirst over several hours, with a dry mouth
4. DTingling around the mouth, a metallic taste and tinnitus

How are skin staples usually removed from a healed incision?

1. AAlternate staples first, then the rest if the wound holds
2. BOnly the staples at each end, leaving the others for good
3. CAll staples at once by pulling each one straight up from the skin
4. DThe staples are left in permanently under the skin

Which monitoring is especially important for a patient receiving parenteral nutrition?

1. ABowel sounds and stool colour only
2. BPupil size and limb strength
3. CPeak flow and visual acuity
4. DBlood glucose and signs of line infection

On day 2 of nasogastric feeding, a severely malnourished patient becomes weak and breathless with ankle swelling. Phosphate is 0,4 mmol/L. What is most likely?

1. ARefeeding syndrome
2. BAn allergy to the feed formula
3. CNormal adjustment to the new feed
4. DToo little calorie intake

While a central line is disconnected, a patient suddenly becomes breathless with chest pain and hypotension. Air embolism is suspected. What should the nurse do first?

1. ARemove the central line straight away and leave the site open to the air
2. BSit the patient fully upright and flush the line
3. CGive the patient a drink and observe for an hour
4. DClamp the line, lie the patient left side down, head low; give oxygen