Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjal dengan jawaban

What is the normal range for serum potassium in an adult?

1. AAbout 135–145 mmol/L
2. BAbout 6,0–7,5 mmol/L
3. CAbout 3,5–5,0 mmol/L
4. DAbout 1,5–2,5 mmol/L

Which features suggest pyelonephritis rather than simple cystitis?

1. APassing urine more often at night only
2. BMild burning on passing urine only
3. CFever, rigors and pain in the loin
4. DUrine that smells slightly stronger

What is the normal range for total serum calcium in an adult?

1. AAbout 0,7–1,0 mmol/L (2,8–4,0 mg/dL)
2. BAbout 1,0–1,5 mmol/L (4,0–6,0 mg/dL)
3. CAbout 3,5–5,0 mmol/L (14–20 mg/dL)
4. DAbout 2,2–2,6 mmol/L (8,5–10,5 mg/dL)

Several hours after a carotid endarterectomy, which finding needs the most urgent action?

1. AA blood pressure slightly above the baseline
2. BAn expanding neck swelling with noisy breathing
3. CMild pain at the incision site
4. DA small amount of dried blood on the dressing

Why are tacrolimus blood levels checked regularly?

1. AThe drug only works if levels are as high as possible
2. BThe levels show whether the patient has diabetes
3. CToo high harms the kidney; too low risks rejection
4. DThe levels show how much urine the kidney is making

A patient is due a rapid-acting insulin dose before lunch, but the meal trays are delayed. What should the nurse do?

1. AOmit the dose entirely for the rest of the day
2. BGive the insulin with a glass of water instead
3. CGive the insulin now and the meal when it comes
4. DWait to give the insulin until the meal arrives

Near the end of a haemodialysis session, a patient has painful leg cramps and a falling blood pressure. What is the most likely cause?

1. AThe dialysate is too cold
2. BNot enough fluid is being removed
3. CAn allergic reaction to the needles
4. DFluid is being removed too quickly

A nurse teaches a wheelchair user with a spinal cord injury about skin care. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will shift my weight in the chair regularly."
2. B"I only need to check my skin when something hurts."
3. C"I will use a mirror to check my bottom and heels every day."
4. D"I will keep my skin clean and dry."