Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjal dengan jawaban

Kadar glukosa darah mana yang umum digunakan untuk mendefinisikan hipoglikemia pada penderita diabetes?

1. ADi bawah 4,0 mmol/L (sekitar 70 mg/dL)
2. BDi bawah 10 mmol/L (sekitar 180 mg/dL)
3. CDi bawah 7,0 mmol/L (sekitar 126 mg/dL)
4. DDi bawah 1,0 mmol/L (sekitar 18 mg/dL)

How do sulfonylureas such as gliclazide lower blood glucose?

1. AThey slow down the absorption of food
2. BThey replace insulin that the body lacks
3. CThey make the pancreas release more insulin
4. DThey make the kidneys pass more glucose

Which equipment should be ready at the bedside of a patient on seizure precautions?

1. AWorking suction and oxygen
2. BWrist restraints to stop the limbs jerking
3. CA tongue depressor to place between the teeth
4. DA urinary catheter in case of incontinence

A urine dipstick is positive for nitrites. What does this suggest?

1. ABacteria that convert nitrate are present
2. BThe patient is dehydrated and needs more fluid
3. CThe kidneys are losing too much protein
4. DThe urine has a lot of glucose in it

A kidney transplant recipient asks about travel vaccines. Which statement is correct?

1. ALive vaccines are usually avoided
2. BVaccines will cause the kidney to be rejected
3. COnly live vaccines are effective after a transplant
4. DAll vaccines are completely safe after a transplant

Why is propranolol given to a patient with hyperthyroidism?

1. ATo ease tremor and palpitations while other treatment starts
2. BTo stop the thyroid gland from making any more hormones
3. CTo destroy overactive thyroid tissue over a few weeks
4. DTo replace the hormone lost from the thyroid gland

A nurse teaches a patient with CKD and a high potassium about diet. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will keep bananas and dried fruit to a minimum."
2. B"I will boil my potatoes and throw away the water."
3. C"I will use a salt substitute instead of ordinary salt."
4. D"I will check food labels for added salt when I go shopping."

Weeks after starting insulin, a patient with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes needs much less insulin and has frequent mild hypos. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AThe patient actually has type 2 diabetes
2. BThe diabetes has been cured, so insulin can stop
3. CThe insulin has gone off and should be replaced
4. DA honeymoon phase, but insulin is still needed