Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjal dengan jawaban

Temuan mana yang khas untuk diabetes insipidus?

1. AUrine sangat pekat dalam volume kecil
2. BGlukosa darah tinggi dengan banyak glukosa dalam urine
3. CRetensi cairan dengan natrium serum rendah
4. DUrine encer dalam volume besar dan rasa haus hebat

Which ECG change is typical of hyperkalaemia?

1. AFlattened T waves
2. BProminent U waves
3. CA shortened PR interval
4. DTall, peaked T waves

What is the most common cause of a high sodium in a frail older adult?

1. ANot drinking enough water
2. BDrinking too much water
3. CTaking too much insulin
4. DEating too much fruit

A conscious patient with a glucose of 3,1 mmol/L (56 mg/dL) can swallow safely. Which is the best first treatment?

1. AA dose of rapid-acting insulin with a sandwich
2. BA glass of milk and two plain biscuits
3. CGlucose tablets or a small glass of fruit juice
4. DA chocolate bar and a cup of tea with milk

A nurse is teaching a patient going home after a mild concussion. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"A few drinks tonight will help me relax and sleep."
2. B"I will return if my headache gets steadily worse."
3. C"Someone will stay with me for the first night."
4. D"I will come back if I start vomiting again and again."

Which picture fits Brown-Séquard syndrome?

1. AParalysis of both legs, with normal sensation everywhere in the body
2. BWeakness of both arms with normal strength in the legs
3. CWeakness on the same side and loss of pain on the opposite side
4. DLoss of all feeling but normal movement on both sides

A patient with polycystic kidney disease suddenly has the worst headache of their life and neck stiffness. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA migraine linked to high blood pressure
2. BA subarachnoid haemorrhage from a brain aneurysm
3. CA urinary infection that has spread
4. DPain spreading upwards from a kidney cyst

A 74-year-old falls forward and hits their chin. Their arms are much weaker than their legs, and they have burning pain in the hands. Which injury is most likely?

1. ACentral cord syndrome
2. BA complete lumbar cord injury
3. CCauda equina syndrome
4. DBrown-Séquard syndrome