Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjal dengan jawaban

Gangguan elektrolit mana yang merupakan komplikasi berbahaya dari gagal ginjal?

1. AHipokalemia
2. BHipernatremia
3. CHiperkalsemia
4. DHiperkalemia

Jenis stroke mana yang paling umum?

1. AStroke iskemik akibat arteri tersumbat
2. BPerdarahan subaraknoid akibat aneurisma
3. CStroke hemoragik akibat arteri pecah
4. DTrombosis sinus vena di otak

Which hourly urine output is usually taken as the minimum acceptable for an adult?

1. AAbout 0,05 mL/kg per hour
2. BAbout 0,5 mL/kg per hour
3. CAbout 10 mL/kg per hour
4. DAbout 5 mL/kg per hour

Before surgery for a phaeochromocytoma, why is an alpha-blocker started before any beta-blocker?

1. AA beta-blocker alone can cause a dangerous rise in BP
2. BBeta-blockers given first would make the tumour grow faster
3. CAlpha-blockers lower the blood glucose before surgery
4. DThe order of the two drugs makes no difference

Before checking a capillary glucose, why should the patient wash their hands with soap and water?

1. ASugar on the skin can give a falsely high reading
2. BWashing prevents all infection from the lancet
3. CWashing lowers the glucose in the blood
4. DSoap makes the blood flow faster from the finger

How does the nurse test the facial nerve (VII)?

1. AShine a light in each eye and check the pupil response
2. BAsk the patient to stick out the tongue and move it from side to side
3. CTouch the forehead, cheek and chin with cotton wool
4. DAsk them to raise the eyebrows, shut the eyes tightly and smile

A patient has had a high sodium of 160 mmol/L for several days. Why must it be corrected slowly?

1. ARapid correction causes kidney stones
2. BThe sodium will rise again if corrected quickly
3. CRapid correction raises the blood glucose
4. DRapid correction can cause brain swelling

A patient with multiple sclerosis has had worse leg weakness for one day, together with a fever and burning on passing urine. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AA side effect of physiotherapy
2. BA pseudo-relapse caused by infection
3. CA change to progressive MS
4. DA true relapse that needs high-dose steroids