Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjal dengan jawaban

Apa yang dimaksud dengan fase pascaiktal?

1. APeriode mengantuk dan bingung setelah kejang
2. BKejang yang berlangsung lebih dari lima menit
3. CSensasi peringatan tepat sebelum kejang dimulai
4. DFase kaku pada awal kejang tonik-klonik

Which nerve cells are damaged in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (motor neurone disease)?

1. AUpper and lower motor neurons
2. BSensory nerves in the skin only
3. CThe optic nerves and retina
4. DThe nerves of the autonomic system only

Bagaimana pasien dengan dugaan cedera tulang belakang harus dimiringkan?

1. ADengan log-roll oleh tim yang menjaga kesejajaran tulang belakang
2. BDiminta berguling perlahan sendiri
3. CDimiringkan pada bahu dahulu, lalu pinggul
4. DDiangkat pada lengan dan tungkai oleh satu orang

After a change in the levothyroxine dose, when is the TSH usually rechecked?

1. AAfter about 6–8 weeks
2. BAfter about 2 years of treatment
3. CAfter 3 days
4. DAfter 24 hours

A patient with severe vomiting and diarrhoea takes ramipril, furosemide and metformin. Which advice is correct?

1. ADouble the furosemide to prevent fluid retention
2. BPause these medicines until eating and drinking again
3. CAdd ibuprofen to treat the abdominal cramps
4. DKeep taking everything as normal and drink less

Mengapa metformin biasanya ditahan selama cedera ginjal akut atau di sekitar kontras beryodium pada pasien berisiko?

1. ADapat menumpuk dan meningkatkan risiko asidosis laktat
2. BMenghalangi kontras sehingga pemindaian tidak dapat dibaca
3. CMenyebabkan hiperkalemia saat ginjal cedera
4. DMenyebabkan hipoglikemia berat bila diberikan bersama kontras

A patient with motor neurone disease reports morning headaches, poor sleep and sleepiness during the day. What do these symptoms suggest?

1. ALow mood, which should be treated with an antidepressant first
2. BNormal tiredness that needs no specific action
3. CA side effect of riluzole, which should be stopped straight away by the nurse
4. DWeak breathing at night, so a review for ventilation support

An 89-year-old with stage 5 CKD and severe heart failure, who has capacity, decides not to start dialysis. What is the nurse's best response?

1. ARespect the decision and support symptom-focused care
2. BAsk the family to change the patient's mind
3. CStop all care, because nothing more can be done
4. DTell the patient they must start dialysis by law