Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjal dengan jawaban

Which substance do the kidneys release that helps raise blood pressure?

1. AInsulin
2. BBile
3. CThyroxine
4. DRenin

Which three responses make up the Glasgow Coma Scale?

1. AReflexes, muscle tone and sensation
2. BPupil size, pulse and blood pressure
3. CEye opening, verbal response and motor response
4. DOrientation to time, place and person, plus memory

Which hourly urine output is usually taken as the minimum acceptable for an adult?

1. AAbout 10 mL/kg per hour
2. BAbout 0,05 mL/kg per hour
3. CAbout 5 mL/kg per hour
4. DAbout 0,5 mL/kg per hour

During continuous bladder irrigation, 3200 mL drains out in a shift. 2500 mL of irrigation fluid was put in. What is the true urine output?

1. A2500 mL
2. B3200 mL
3. C700 mL
4. D5700 mL

Why is levodopa combined with carbidopa (or benserazide)?

1. ATo make levodopa cross into the brain more slowly and evenly
2. BTo stop levodopa being converted to dopamine outside the brain
3. CTo prevent tolerance from developing to levodopa over time
4. DTo add a separate effect that reduces the resting tremor directly

Kriteria cedera ginjal akut (KDIGO) mana yang berkaitan dengan keluaran urine?

1. ADi bawah 0,5 mL/kg/jam selama 6 jam atau lebih
2. BDi bawah 1 L dalam 24 jam berapa pun asupannya
3. CDi bawah 2 mL/kg/jam selama 1 jam
4. DPerubahan warna urine apa pun

A patient with multiple sclerosis has had worse leg weakness for one day, together with a fever and burning on passing urine. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AA change to progressive MS
2. BA side effect of physiotherapy
3. CA true relapse that needs high-dose steroids
4. DA pseudo-relapse caused by infection

Which patient with a spinal cord injury is at risk of autonomic dysreflexia?

1. AA patient with an injury at L5
2. BA patient with an injury at S2
3. CA patient with an injury at L3
4. DA patient with an injury at T4