Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjal dengan jawaban

After a head injury, a patient has bruising behind the ear over the mastoid bone. What does this suggest?

1. AA simple scalp laceration
2. BA fracture of the base of the skull
3. CAn injury to the outer ear only
4. DA fractured jaw

What is the most common cause of a high sodium in a frail older adult?

1. ADrinking too much water
2. BEating too much fruit
3. CNot drinking enough water
4. DTaking too much insulin

Which heart rhythm greatly increases the risk of an embolic stroke?

1. AFirst-degree heart block
2. BAtrial fibrillation
3. CSinus bradycardia
4. DSinus arrhythmia

What is the main purpose of continuous bladder irrigation after a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)?

1. ATo treat a urinary infection after the operation
2. BTo stop blood clots from blocking the catheter
3. CTo give the patient extra fluids
4. DTo measure the size of the bladder

Why can a patient with an insulin pump develop DKA within hours if the pump stops working?

1. AThe pump gives only rapid-acting insulin, so there is no long-acting reserve
2. BThe battery in the pump releases chemicals into the blood
3. CThe body becomes allergic to insulin when the pump stops
4. DThe pump gives long-acting insulin, which builds up and stops working all at once

A patient has just started haemodialysis. What usually happens to their protein needs?

1. AThey increase, because dialysis removes amino acids
2. BProtein must be replaced only by IV infusion
3. CThey fall to almost zero to rest the kidneys
4. DThey stay exactly the same as they were before dialysis

A patient with suspected meningitis has a GCS of 9 and pupils that have become unequal. A doctor plans an immediate lumbar puncture. What is the main concern?

1. AA lumbar puncture would spread the infection to the blood
2. BThe patient is too confused to stay still, so it is not needed
3. CThere is no concern, because the lumbar puncture lowers pressure safely
4. DRaised pressure in the skull, so the procedure could cause herniation

Selama hemodialisis, TD pasien turun menjadi 80/50 mmHg dan ia merasa pusing dan mual. Apa tindakan keperawatan pertama yang paling tepat?

1. AMendudukkan pasien tegak dan mendorong berjalan sebentar
2. BMemberikan dosis antihipertensi biasa pasien segera
3. CMeningkatkan laju pengeluaran cairan agar sesi selesai lebih cepat
4. DMembaringkan pasien datar, mengurangi pengeluaran cairan, dan meminta bantuan