Lembar kerja Keperawatan anak dengan jawaban

What is the main long-term complication of regular blood transfusions in beta-thalassaemia major?

1. ALow blood calcium
2. BIron overload
3. CVitamin B12 deficiency
4. DLow platelet count

Why are infants and young children more likely than adults to get middle ear infections (otitis media)?

1. ATheir ear canals are longer and narrower than those of adults
2. BTheir Eustachian tubes are shorter, wider and more horizontal
3. CTheir eardrums are thicker and cannot move with pressure changes
4. DThey make more earwax, which traps bacteria in the middle ear

Why is vitamin K given to newborns shortly after birth?

1. ATo prevent jaundice in the first week of life
2. BTo protect against hepatitis B infection
3. CTo prevent bacterial eye infection after birth
4. DTo prevent vitamin K deficiency bleeding

Which stool pattern is typical of Hirschsprung disease in an older child?

1. ANormal stools with occasional itching around the anus at night
2. BPale, bulky, fatty stools that float and are hard to flush, with a large appetite
3. CChronic constipation with thin, ribbon-like, foul-smelling stools and distension
4. DFrequent bloody diarrhoea with fever after eating chicken

Why is the Lund and Browder chart preferred over the adult "rule of nines" for estimating burn size in children?

1. AIt measures the depth of the burn rather than its area
2. BIt adjusts for the larger head and smaller legs of young children
3. CIt counts the number of blisters on the body
4. DIt is mainly used for small burns of the hands, feet and face in children

Why are IV fluids for young children given with an infusion pump or a volume-control set?

1. ATo make the fluid warmer before it enters the vein
2. BTo remove bacteria from the fluid
3. CTo allow the child to adjust the rate
4. DTo prevent accidental fluid overload

A 9-year-old with Down syndrome has new neck pain, clumsy walking and changes in bladder control. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AThe normal low muscle tone of Down syndrome getting worse with age
2. BAtlantoaxial instability with spinal cord compression
3. CA simple urinary infection causing tiredness
4. DGrowing pains in the legs

A 15-year-old in traction for a femur fracture is withdrawn and irritable. Which intervention best fits his developmental stage?

1. ASet a strict timetable for him that staff decide without his input
2. BArrange contact with friends and let him control parts of his daily routine
3. CMove him to a room with toddlers so the ward is less lonely
4. DAsk his parents to stay with him at all times and make decisions for him