Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

Finasteride is used in benign prostatic hyperplasia because it:

1. AInhibits 5-alpha reductase and slowly shrinks the prostate
2. BRelaxes smooth muscle in the prostate within hours of the first dose
3. CIncreases testosterone production
4. DKills bacteria in the prostate

Baclofen is used mainly to treat:

1. AAcid reflux and heartburn
2. BBacterial infections of the skin
3. CHigh blood pressure in pregnancy and pre-eclampsia
4. DMuscle spasticity, for example in multiple sclerosis

Why is methadone used to treat opioid use disorder?

1. AIt is a long-acting opioid that prevents withdrawal and craving
2. BIt is a pure opioid antagonist that blocks all opioid effects
3. CIt causes vomiting if other opioids are used
4. DIt cures the liver damage caused by opioids

Which side effects are most common when starting gabapentin?

1. AInsomnia and agitation
2. BHair loss and weight loss
3. CDrowsiness and dizziness
4. DCough and runny nose

How should a patient store sublingual glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) tablets?

1. AIn the original dark glass bottle, away from heat, light and moisture
2. BIn the fridge in a damp, open container to keep them fresh and cool
3. CLoose in a shirt pocket close to the body for quick access
4. DIn a plastic weekly pill box with other tablets

Why is simvastatin traditionally taken in the evening?

1. AIt must be taken with the largest meal of the day
2. BIt causes too much drowsiness to be taken in the morning
3. CIt is short-acting, and cholesterol synthesis peaks at night
4. DIt is inactivated by sunlight during the day

A patient with diabetic ketoacidosis is about to start an IV insulin infusion. Serum potassium is 3,1 mmol/L (mEq/L). Why is this a concern?

1. APotassium has no link with insulin, so the infusion is started as planned
2. BInsulin moves potassium into cells, so the level can fall dangerously low
3. CLow potassium makes insulin ineffective, so a higher dose is needed
4. DInsulin raises potassium further and can cause cardiac arrest, so the infusion is given faster

Antagonis nonkompetitif (ireversibel) mengubah kurva dosis-respons dengan:

1. AMenggeser kurva ke kanan dengan maksimum yang sama
2. BMembuat kurva lebih curam tanpa perubahan lain
3. CMenurunkan respons maksimum
4. DMenggeser kurva ke kiri