Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

What does "PRN" mean on a medication order?

1. AEvery morning
2. BBefore meals
3. CImmediately, once only
4. DAs needed

Why is carbidopa combined with levodopa?

1. AIt converts levodopa into dopamine inside the gut
2. BIt stops levodopa turning into dopamine outside the brain
3. CIt blocks dopamine receptors to reduce nausea in the brain
4. DIt increases the breakdown of dopamine in the liver

Infliximab and adalimumab are biological drugs that block:

1. AVitamin K recycling
2. BTumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)
3. CInsulin receptors
4. DHistamine H1 receptors in the skin and airways

Obat apa yang menjadi penawar overdosis opioid?

1. AAsetilsistein
2. BFlumazenil
3. CAtropin
4. DNalokson

Bagaimana neostigmin meningkatkan kekuatan otot pada miastenia gravis?

1. ANeostigmin memblokir autoantibodi terhadap reseptor
2. BNeostigmin langsung merangsang reseptor muskarinik di otot
3. CNeostigmin menghambat asetilkolinesterase sehingga lebih banyak asetilkolin mencapai reseptor
4. DNeostigmin meningkatkan jumlah reseptor asetilkolin di sambungan neuromuskular

Which statement about allopurinol is correct?

1. AIt is taken only during an acute attack and stopped as soon as the pain settles
2. BIt works within an hour to relieve joint pain
3. CIt lowers uric acid over time and does not relieve the pain of an acute attack
4. DIt increases uric acid production to flush out crystals

A patient receives high-dose IV aciclovir for herpes encephalitis. Which nursing action reduces the main risk to the kidneys?

1. AKeep the patient well hydrated and give the infusion slowly
2. BGive a loop diuretic before each dose
3. CGive the infusion as a rapid push
4. DRestrict oral and IV fluids to prevent brain swelling

Morphine 4 mg IV is ordered. The ampoule contains 10 mg/mL. What volume should be drawn up?

1. A2,5 mL
2. B0,04 mL
3. C4 mL
4. D0,4 mL