Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

On the WHO analgesic ladder, which drugs form the first step?

1. ANon-opioids such as paracetamol and NSAIDs
2. BLocal anaesthetic nerve blocks for all patients
3. CWeak opioids such as codeine or tramadol, used on their own
4. DStrong opioids such as morphine given intravenously

Celecoxib selectively inhibits which enzyme?

1. ACyclo-oxygenase-1 (COX-1)
2. BLipoxygenase
3. CPhospholipase A2
4. DCyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2)

Lithium is used mainly to treat which condition?

1. AGeneralised anxiety disorder
2. BAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder
3. CSchizophrenia with no mood symptoms
4. DBipolar disorder

A man takes finasteride. What should be explained about handling the tablets?

1. APregnant women should not handle crushed or broken tablets
2. BThe tablets must be stored in the fridge
3. CAnyone can handle the tablets, as they contain no active drug
4. DThe tablets must be crushed before swallowing

Which drug is used for torsades de pointes?

1. AIntravenous magnesium sulfate
2. BOral digoxin
3. CIntravenous adenosine (rapid push)
4. DIntravenous verapamil

When should a patient take a once-daily proton pump inhibitor such as omeprazole?

1. AAbout 30–60 minutes before the first meal of the day
2. BWith a glass of milk at bedtime, when acid output is highest
3. CStraight after a large evening meal
4. DOnly when heartburn is severe

A patient took a doxycycline tablet with a sip of water just before lying down. Now swallowing is very painful. What is the most likely cause?

1. APill-induced oesophagitis
2. BAn allergic reaction to the tablet coating
3. COral candidiasis from the antibiotic
4. DGastric ulcer caused by doxycycline

Obat antiepilepsi mana yang memiliki risiko yang paling dikenal untuk cacat tabung saraf dan masalah perkembangan bila dikonsumsi selama kehamilan?

1. ALevetirasetam
2. BNatrium valproat
3. CGabapentin
4. DLamotrigin