Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

What is the normal serum sodium range in adults?

1. A135–145 mmol/L
2. B95–105 mmol/L
3. C150–165 mmol/L
4. D3,5–5,0 mmol/L

Which of these drugs has a narrow therapeutic index?

1. AAmoxicillin
2. BLoratadine
3. COmeprazole
4. DLithium

Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic used mainly to:

1. ARaise serum potassium
2. BTreat high blood pressure long term
3. CReduce raised intracranial pressure
4. DPrevent blood clots

Why should loperamide usually be avoided in bloody diarrhoea with fever?

1. ASlowing the gut may keep bacteria and toxins in the bowel longer
2. BLoperamide is an antibiotic that causes resistance
3. CLoperamide makes the bleeding worse by blocking platelets
4. DLoperamide causes severe hypertension when there is an infection

Efek samping statin yang serius tetapi jarang manakah yang harus segera dilaporkan pasien?

1. APembengkakan pergelangan kaki
2. BBatuk kering
3. CRasa logam di mulut
4. DNyeri atau kelemahan otot yang tidak dapat dijelaskan

A patient with heart failure starts furosemide. Which self-monitoring instruction is most useful?

1. AMeasure the temperature twice a day and record it in a diary
2. BCheck the blood glucose before every meal
3. CWeigh daily at the same time on the same scales
4. DCount the respiratory rate each evening

Seorang perempuan lansia yang mulai mengonsumsi SSRI dua minggu lalu kini bingung, dan natrium plasmanya rendah. Apa mekanisme yang paling mungkin?

1. ASekresi ADH yang tidak sesuai akibat SSRI yang menyebabkan retensi air
2. BPeningkatan sekresi aldosteron
3. CKehilangan natrium melalui diare berat akibat SSRI
4. DKerusakan langsung pada kelenjar adrenal

During general anaesthesia with a volatile agent and suxamethonium (succinylcholine), a patient develops muscle rigidity, rising end-tidal CO₂ and a fast-rising temperature. Which drug is the specific treatment?

1. ANeostigmine
2. BParacetamol
3. CDantrolene
4. DNaloxone