Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

Ciclosporin and tacrolimus are used mainly to:

1. APrevent rejection of transplanted organs
2. BTreat bacterial infections after surgery
3. CLower high blood cholesterol
4. DRelieve acute pain after surgery

Organ mana yang terutama memetabolisme sebagian besar obat?

1. AHati
2. BLimpa
3. CGinjal
4. DParu-paru

What does "PRN" mean on a medication order?

1. ABefore meals
2. BAs needed
3. CEvery morning
4. DImmediately, once only

A patient takes theophylline for COPD. Which advice is most important?

1. ATake extra doses when short of breath
2. BDrink plenty of grapefruit juice each morning to improve absorption
3. CAvoid potassium-rich foods such as bananas
4. DLimit coffee, tea and cola, because caffeine adds to the side effects

An adult patient is due to receive digoxin. The apical pulse, counted for a full minute, is 52 beats per minute. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive the dose and recheck the pulse in one hour
2. BWithhold the dose and notify the prescriber
3. CGive half the dose and document the pulse
4. DGive the dose with food to slow absorption

After instilling eye drops, why should the patient press gently on the inner corner of the eye for a minute or two?

1. ATo reduce drainage into the nose and absorption into blood
2. BTo make the pupil dilate faster
3. CTo stop the eye from producing tears for about an hour
4. DTo spread the drop evenly over the eyelid

A patient on long-term prednisolone has been vomiting for two days and could not take her tablets. She is now hypotensive and confused, with low sodium and high potassium. What is the most urgent treatment?

1. AOral prednisolone with a glass of water
2. BIV furosemide
3. CIV hydrocortisone and IV fluids
4. DIV insulin with glucose only

Mengapa sildenafil dikontraindikasikan pada pasien yang menggunakan nitrat untuk angina?

1. ASildenafil memblokir perubahan nitrat menjadi nitrat oksida di pembuluh darah
2. BKeduanya menaikkan cGMP di otot polos pembuluh dan dapat menyebabkan hipotensi berat
3. CKombinasinya menyebabkan hiperkalemia yang berbahaya
4. DNitrat memblokir metabolisme sildenafil di hati