Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

Propylthiouracil and carbimazole (or its active form methimazole, also called thiamazole) are used to treat which condition?

1. AHyperthyroidism
2. BHypothyroidism
3. CAdrenal insufficiency
4. DType 1 diabetes

Apa yang digambarkan oleh "efikasi" suatu obat?

1. AKecepatan penyerapan obat
2. BEfek maksimum yang dapat dihasilkan obat
3. CDosis yang diperlukan untuk menghasilkan separuh efek
4. DBagian dosis yang terikat pada protein plasma

Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic used mainly to:

1. APrevent blood clots
2. BTreat high blood pressure long term
3. CRaise serum potassium
4. DReduce raised intracranial pressure

Which side effects are most common when starting gabapentin?

1. ACough and runny nose
2. BHair loss and weight loss
3. CInsomnia and agitation
4. DDrowsiness and dizziness

A patient receives lactulose for hepatic encephalopathy. Which finding shows that it is working?

1. ANo bowel movement for three days, with less confusion than before
2. BBetter alertness and orientation, with two to three soft stools a day
3. CHigher blood ammonia with improved appetite
4. DTen watery stools a day and a low serum potassium

During an oxytocin infusion, contractions become very frequent and the fetal heart rate shows late decelerations. What is the nurse's first action?

1. AStop the oxytocin infusion
2. BIncrease the infusion to finish labour quickly
3. CGive a second oxytocin bolus
4. DPosition the woman flat on her back

A malnourished patient with low serum albumin shows nystagmus and unsteady gait. Her total phenytoin level is within range. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AMore phenytoin is unbound when albumin is low, so free levels rise
2. BThe total level is high, but the laboratory is wrong
3. CLow albumin makes phenytoin bind more tightly, so the drug is less active
4. DLow albumin speeds up phenytoin metabolism

During general anaesthesia with a volatile agent and suxamethonium (succinylcholine), a patient develops muscle rigidity, rising end-tidal CO₂ and a fast-rising temperature. Which drug is the specific treatment?

1. ADantrolene
2. BParacetamol
3. CNeostigmine
4. DNaloxone